“…However, by and large, theoretical development on organizational effectiveness relies on the analysis of firms or bureaus as empirical referents (Knoke and Prensky 1984). Effectiveness as work quality in public social service organizations has (Grandjean, Bonjean, and Aiken 1982) received somewhat more attention (Whiddon and Martin 1989;Holland et al 1981;and Lorence 1987). However, voluntary organizations rarely serve as the unit of analysis for the questions that deal with effectiveness.…”