The effect of catalyst preparation on the performance of alumina-supported ruthenium catalysts I. The impact of catalytic precursor on particle size and catalytic activity

Mieth, J.A.; Schwarz, John H.

doi:10.1016/0021-9517(89)90311-4

Cited by 46 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The initial CO conversion rate was determined to be 28.1 mol of CO (mol of Ru) −1 h –1 , which corresponds to a turnover frequency (TOF) of 0.0282 s –1 , assuming a Ru dispersion based on TEM observations of 0.33. These values are in the upper range among those reported for Ru catalysts. − Catalyst 2, with much smaller and uniform particles (1–2 nm), had a much higher activity of 73.9 mol of CO (mol of Ru) −1 h –1 but with a corresponding initial TOF of 0.0149 s –1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis Catalyzed by Solid Nanoparticles at the Water/Oil Interface in an Emulsion System

et al. 2013

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Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) was carried out in a water/oil mixture medium, using a Ru catalyst supported on a multi-walled carbon nanotube/MgO–Al2O3 hybrid as a catalyst support. The nanohybrid particles at the water/oil interface facilitated and stabilized the formation of water-in-oil emulsion, giving rise to an oil/emulsion/water trilayer liquid structure. FTS occurred at the emulsion phase with much higher conversion rates than those in oil single-phase reactions, yielding products with Anderson–Schulz–Flory distribution. Alkane-enriched hydrocarbons migrate to the top oil phase, while short alcohols remain in the bottom water phase. Thus, this multiphase liquid structure facilitates the separation of products according to their solubility in different phases. This significant advantage of combined reaction and separation is unique to the multiphasic system. In addition, differences in solubility could be used to enhance tolerance against impurities and catalyst poisons in the syngas feedstock. As a preliminary case study, hydrochloric acid and pyridine were chosen as model contaminants commonly found in biosyngas. It was found that their presence did not affect the catalytic activity as severely as could be expected in a conventional FTS process. Thus, emulsion-phase FTS could be beneficial to operations where syngas production such as biomass gasification and FTS are integrated. The several advantages of using emulsion systems in FTS are discussed in light of the current results.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis Catalyzed by Solid Nanoparticles at the Water/Oil Interface in an Emulsion System

et al. 2013

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“…In this system, the metal dispersion and the partitioning between surface Ni and Ni incorporated in the support depended also on the crystallinity of the support, a factor which determines its dissolution properties.229 On the other hand, the dispersion of RU/AI2O3 prepared by incipient wetness was relatively unaffected by increases in weight loading because the ruthenium salt affords a better buffering of the (acidic) impregnation solution. 230 It was proposed that dissolution of alumina facilitates continuous generation of anchoring sites and thus higher amounts of salt precursor can be effectively dispersed by incipient wetness231 as depicted in Figure 7.…”

Section: Homogeneous Deposition-precipitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods for Preparation of Catalytic Materials

Schwarz¹,

Contescu²,

Conţescu³

1995

Chem. Rev.

582

273

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“…It is also proposed that the surface carbon species formed by hydrogen-assisted CO dissociation participate in the FT synthesis reaction and as precursor for the species that causes catalyst deactivation. 11,71,72 Recent theoretical studies suggest, however, that the CO dissociation ability is favored on couples of atoms on monoatomic steps being the key requirement for Ru to develop a good FTS catalyst, 73,74 followed by hydrogenation and coupling of CH x fragments 75 or CO insertion. 74 Experimental studies have shown that water presents a positive effect on the reaction rate and selectivity, in part due to its ability to remove surface carbon atoms, 4 and in part because Ru particles around 8 nm perform better than smaller particles for FTS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Support effects on the structure and performance of ruthenium catalysts for the Fischer–Tropsch synthesis

Carballo

Finocchio

Garcia

et al. 2011

Catal. Sci. Technol.

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The influence of support and metal precursor on Ru-based catalysts has been studied in the\ud Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) combining flow reactor and quasi in situ infrared spectroscopy\ud experiments. A series of supported ruthenium catalysts (3 wt.%) have been prepared using two\ud different TiO2 (P25, 20% rutile and 80% anatase; Hombifine, 100% anatase) and SiO2Al2O3\ud (28% Al2O3) as supports and RuCl3nH2O as metal precursor. The catalysts were labeled as\ud RuTi0.8, RuTi1 and RuSA respectively. Another catalyst (RuTi0.8N) has been synthesized with\ud TiO2P25 and Ru(NO)(NO3)3. After thermal treatments in air at 723 K and hydrogen at 443 K,\ud ruthenium metal particles are agglomerated when pure anatase TiO2 and SiO2Al2O3 are used as\ud supports, leading to low active catalysts. In contrast, and despite the lower specific surface area of\ud TiO2P25 as compared to that of the other supports, well dispersed Ru particles are stabilized\ud on titania P25. Remarkably, electronic microscopy studies demonstrate that Ru is deposited\ud exclusively on the rutile phase of TiO2P25. The catalytic performance shown by all these\ud catalysts in FTS reactions follows the order: RuTi0.8 4 RuTi0.8N 4 RuSA c RuTi1. The same\ud trend is observed during quasi in situ FTS experiments conducted in an infrared (IR) spectroscopy\ud cell. The FTIR spectra of TiO2P25 supported samples show that both samples behave similarly\ud under the FTS reaction. This work shows that the structure of the support, rather than its specific\ud surface area or the Ru precursor, is the parameter that determines the dispersion of Ru particles,\ud hence their catalytic performance

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The effect of catalyst preparation on the performance of alumina-supported ruthenium catalysts I. The impact of catalytic precursor on particle size and catalytic activity

Cited by 46 publications

References 39 publications

Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis Catalyzed by Solid Nanoparticles at the Water/Oil Interface in an Emulsion System

Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis Catalyzed by Solid Nanoparticles at the Water/Oil Interface in an Emulsion System

Methods for Preparation of Catalytic Materials

Support effects on the structure and performance of ruthenium catalysts for the Fischer–Tropsch synthesis

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