The effect of carvacrol on systemic inflammation in guinea pigs model of COPD induced by cigarette smoke exposure

Abstract

These results showed a preventive effect of the carvacrol on all measured parameter in COPD guinea pigs which was comparable to the effect of dexamethasone at used concentrations.

Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory aspects of Nigella sativa for its preventive and bronchodilatory effects on obstructive respiratory diseases: A review of basic and clinical evidence

“…Serum MDA level and total WBC count in treated groups with two higher carvacrol concentrations; eosinophil, neutrophil, and lymphocyte percentage in those treated with high concentration; and IL-8 level and weight change in treated groups with all concentrations significantly improved compared to non-treated COPD group. The preventive effects of carvacrol were comparable to dexamethasone and demonstrated its anti-inflammatory effects (Mahtaj, Feizpour, Kianmehr, Soukhtanloo, & Boskabady, 2015). Therefore, plants containing carvacrol are effective remedies for preventing pulmonary obstructive diseases.…”

Experimental animal models for COPD: a methodological review

“…These studies indicated that guinea pigs develop COPD and emphysema-like lesions after a few months of exposure to active tobacco smoke [44] and physiological changes that mimic COPD in humans were showed in smoke-exposed guinea pigs [16, 44]. For example, in order to induce COPD in these animals, guinea pigs were exposed for 8-9 min to 5 cigarettes/day, 5 or 6 days per week for 3 consecutive months, with [50–53] or without filter [54–58], (Table 1). …”

“…Total WBC [51] and eosinophil counts in blood were increased in guinea pig models of CS-induced COPD [50, 53]. Total WBC, eosinophils and neutrophils in lung lavage of COPD guinea pigs were also increased [52].…”

“…Increased serum levels of IL-8 and malondialdehyde (MDA) in guinea pigs model of COPD induced by CS, were reported [50, 51, 53]. In addition, Feizpour et al indicated that the level of IL-8 in serum and BAL of guinea pig models of CS-induced COPD, were increased [52].…”

Carvacrol ameliorates haematological parameters, oxidant/antioxidant biomarkers and pulmonary function tests in patients with sulphur mustard‐induced lung disorders: A randomized double‐blind clinical trial

“…Carvacrol decreased inflammation by various mechanisms such as inhibition of cyclooxygenase‐2 and subsequently decreased prostaglandin E2 production, reduced production of inflammatory mediators (eg TNF‐α, IL‐6, iNOS and IL‐10), and diminished levels of IL‐4, endothelin, IgE and eosinophil peroxidase, whereas it increased IFN‐γ in the serum of CAR‐treated sensitized guinea pigs . It also decreased white blood cell (WBC), eosinophil, serum levels of IL‐8 and malondialdehyde (MDA) in an animal model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) . Potent relaxant effect of CAR on tracheal smooth muscle, which was mediated through inhibition of histamine and muscarinic receptors, was also shown …”