“…Generally, Ca 2+ acts as a secondary messenger in various cellular processes, including cell proliferation, development, motility, secretion, learning, and memory, thereby influencing nutrient assimilation, growth, and stress adaptation in microalgae and plants [ 1 ]. It has been observed that Ca 2+ enhances the uptake of nitrogen, organic carbon sources and phosphorus, leading to improved growth rates in Chlorella pyrenoidosa [ 2 ] and Scenedesmus sp. [ 3 ].…”