The effect of calcination as pre treatment to enhance the nickel extraction from low-grade laterites

Garces-Granda, A.; Lapidus, G.T.; Baena, Óscar Jaime Restrepo

doi:10.1016/j.mineng.2018.02.019

Cited by 23 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Nickel laterite ore accounts for about 70%, mostly in the form of oxidized ore deposits near the equator [1,[3][4][5][6]. However, due to the increasing depletion of nickel sulphide resources, since 2010, the world's nickel production from laterite ore has exceeded that of nickel sulphide ore, and the tendency is still rising [4,7,8]. After more than ten years of development, the pyrometallurgical process of laterite ore is relatively mature [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solvent Extraction of Ni and Co from the Phosphoric Acid Leaching Solution of Laterite Ore by P204 and P507

Rao

Zhang

et al. 2020

Metals

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An alternative process of pre-roasting, phosphoric acid leaching followed by solvent extraction of a limonitic laterite ore was described in this work, with emphasis on the solvent extraction of Ni and Co from the phosphoric acid leaching solution by P204 and P507. First, the pH value of the leaching solution was adjusted using ammonia to reduce the content of Al3+ and Fe3+ by precipitation, then the content of Al3+, Fe3+ and Mn2+ were further decreased by extraction using P204. At last, Ni2+ and Co2+ were separated by three-stage extraction using P507. After extraction, the extraction ratio of Co2+ was 96.61%, while that of Ni2+ was 12.32%, and the selective extraction of Ni2+ and Co2+ could be realized.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solvent Extraction of Ni and Co from the Phosphoric Acid Leaching Solution of Laterite Ore by P204 and P507

Rao

Zhang

et al. 2020

Metals

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“…New Caledonia provides an illustrative example of this situation as it is widely known as a biodiversity 'hot spot' [2] that is jeopardized by intensive mining activities. This archipelago holds a large part of the world's nickel reserves [3], with 25 mines that have been exploited since 1873 [4]. Reaching exploitable nickel ores requires removing the fertile upper horizons of the soil, producing opencast mines [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and composition of first biosourced Mn-rich catalysts with a unique vegetal footprint

Garel

Fonda

Michalowicz

et al. 2019

Materials Today Sustainability

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HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.

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“…Burners are used in a multitude of unit operations in pyrometallurgy: they provide the energy to calcine concentrate in kilns, 235 to melt scrap in reverberatory furnaces, 236 and to bring extra energy in cold spots of electric arc furnaces 237 among others. Many different types of fuels have been used throughout history: from heavy oils 238 and exhaust gases coming from pyrometallurgical reactors (such as blast furnace exhaust gases 239 ), up to clean natural gas, 240 all available and cheap fuels have been burnt.…”

Section: Renewable Energies In Pyrometallurgymentioning

confidence: 99%

Greener reactants, renewable energies and environmental impact mitigation strategies in pyrometallurgical processes: A review

Harvey

Courchesne

et al. 2022

MRS Energy & Sustainability

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Metals and alloys are among the most technologically important materials for our industrialized societies. They are the most common structural materials used in cars, airplanes and buildings, and constitute the technological core of most electronic devices. They allow the transportation of energy over great distances and are exploited in critical parts of renewable energy technologies. Even though primary metal production industries are mature and operate optimized pyrometallurgical processes, they extensively rely on cheap and abundant carbonaceous reactants (fossil fuels, coke), require high power heating units (which are also typically powered by fossil fuels) to calcine, roast, smelt and refine, and they generate many output streams with high residual energy content. Many unit operations also generate hazardous gaseous species on top of large CO2 emissions which require gas-scrubbing and capture strategies for the future. Therefore, there are still many opportunities to lower the environmental footprint of key pyrometallurgical operations. This paper explores the possibility to use greener reactants such as bio-fuels, bio-char, hydrogen and ammonia in different pyrometallurgical units. It also identifies all recycled streams that are available (such as steel and aluminum scraps, electronic waste and Li-ion batteries) as well as the technological challenges associated with their integration in primary metal processes. A complete discussion about the alternatives to carbon-based reduction is constructed around the use of hydrogen, metallo-reduction as well as inert anode electrometallurgy. The review work is completed with an overview of the different approaches to use renewable energies and valorize residual heat in pyrometallurgical units. Finally, strategies to mitigate environmental impacts of pyrometallurgical operations such as CO2 capture utilization and storage as well as gas scrubbing technologies are detailed. This original review paper brings together for the first time all potential strategies and efforts that could be deployed in the future to decrease the environmental footprint of the pyrometallurgical industry. It is primarily intended to favour collaborative work and establish synergies between academia, the pyrometallurgical industry, decision-makers and equipment providers. Graphical abstract Highlights A more sustainable production of metals using greener reactants, green electricity or carbon capture is possible and sometimes already underway. More investments and pressure are required to hasten change. Discussion Is there enough pressure on the aluminum and steel industries to meet the set climate targets? The greenhouse gas emissions of existing facilities can often be partly mitigated by retrofitting them with green technologies, should we close plants prematurely to build new plants using greener technologies? Since green or renewable resources presently have limited availability, in which sector should we use them to maximize their benefits?

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The effect of calcination as pre treatment to enhance the nickel extraction from low-grade laterites

Cited by 23 publications

References 16 publications

Solvent Extraction of Ni and Co from the Phosphoric Acid Leaching Solution of Laterite Ore by P204 and P507

Solvent Extraction of Ni and Co from the Phosphoric Acid Leaching Solution of Laterite Ore by P204 and P507

Structure and composition of first biosourced Mn-rich catalysts with a unique vegetal footprint

Greener reactants, renewable energies and environmental impact mitigation strategies in pyrometallurgical processes: A review

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