The effect of biochar mild air oxidation on the optimization of lead(II) adsorption from wastewater

Bardestani, Raoof; Roy, Christian; Kaliaguine, Serge

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.03.110

Cited by 80 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 142 publications

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“…The same biochar materials were also submitted to mild air oxidation at 200°C, yielding much higher surface density of oxygenated functional groups. This made the biochar interesting for cation adsorption in spite of a modest increase in SSA . Qian et al reported that surface area and micropores of biochar contribute significantly to the sorption of organic contaminants from water.…”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This made the biochar interesting for cation adsorption in spite of a modest increase in SSA. [42] Qian et al [43] reported that surface area and micropores of biochar contribute significantly to the sorption of organic contaminants from water. However, the size of these pores is also important for this removal, since targeted chemicals are found in different molecular sizes.…”

Section: H3 H4mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental methods in chemical engineering: specific surface area and pore size distribution measurements—BET, BJH, and DFT

2019

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Gas physisorption is an experimental technique based on equilibrium Van der Waals interactions between gas molecules and solid particles, that quantifies the specific surface area (SSA), pore size distribution (PSD), and pore volume of solids and powders. The performance of catalysts, absorbents, chromatography column materials, and polymer resins depends on these morphological properties. Here we introduce the basic principles and procedures of physical adsorption, especially nitrogen physisorption, as a guide to students and researchers unfamiliar with the field. The Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller theory (BET) is a common approach to estimate SSA that extends the Langmuir monolayer molecular adsorption model to multilayer layers. It relies on an equilibrium adsorption isotherm, measured at the normal boiling point of the adsorbate, eg, 77 K or 87 K for N2 and Ar, respectively. Web of Science indexed 45 400 articles in 2016 and 2017 that mentioned N2 adsorption porosimetry—BET and BJH (Barrett‐Joyner‐Halenda) keywords. The VOSViewer bibliometric tool grouped these articles into four research clusters: adsorption, activated carbon in aqueous solutions for removal of heavy metal ions; synthesis of nanoparticles and composites; catalysts performance in oxidation and reduction processes; and photocatalytic degradation with TiO2. According to the literature, the accuracy of the density function theory (DFT) method is higher than with the BJH theory and it is more reliable.

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Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: H3 H4mentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental methods in chemical engineering: specific surface area and pore size distribution measurements—BET, BJH, and DFT

2019

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“…Ca(II), Mg(II), Na(I), K(I), and H + ions were identified in the aqueous phase after the adsorption of Pb(II), indicating that ion exchange was involved. Bardestani, Roy, and Kaliaguine (2019) modified the commercially available biochar with the mild air oxidation process, which introduced carboxylic groups to the biochar and increased the surface acidity. The pH at the point of zero charge, pH pzc , was lowered from 5.8 to 4.1, which favored cation exchange to occur at a wider pH range.…”

Section: Ion Exchangementioning

confidence: 99%

Physico‐chemical processes

Yu¹,

Yao²,

Pan³

et al. 2020

Water Environment Research

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By summarizing 187 relevant research articles published in 2019, the review is focused on the research progress of physicochemical processes for wastewater treatment. This review divides into two sections, physical processes and chemical processes. The physical processes section includes three subsections , that is, adsorption, granular filtration, and dissolved air flotation, whereas the chemical processes section has five subsections , that is, coagulation/flocculation, advanced oxidation processes, electrochemical, capacitive deionization, and ion exchange.

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“…Biochar is produced by heating a biomass feedstock in the absence of oxygen. Examples of biochar applications include carbon sequestration, [1] soil amendment, [2][3][4] activated carbon for water [5][6][7] or gas purification, [8,9] biocoke fuel source for metallurgical applications, [10][11][12] filler for composite/polymer materials [13,14] or concrete, [15] and electrode material for batteries and supercapacitors. [16,17] Industrial pyrolysis reactors for the production of biochar from biomass can be classified according to how quickly the biomass particles are heated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[37][38][39][40] Moving agitated beds let biomass particles flow over horizontal heated grates. [7] An alternate design uses a paddle to push the biomass particles through a hot bed of steel balls. [41] There is a need for laboratory reactors that can provide enough biochar for testing in applications such as soil amendment, fillers for concrete or polymers, coke substitution, or pollutant capture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrolysis shaker reactor for the production of biochar

et al. 2020

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Intermediate pyrolysis reactors are preferred for processes focused on the production of high-quality biochar. The main types are rotary drums, augers, and moving beds agitated with either grates or paddles. These reactors are usually operated in continuous mode, and are designed to provide a pure, homogeneous biochar product by ensuring near plug flow of the reacting particles. There is a need for laboratory reactors that can provide enough biochar for testing in applications such as soil amendment, fillers for concrete or polymers, coke substitution, or pollutant capture. The pyrolysis shaker reactor (PSR) is a new laboratory reactor that is inexpensive, provides good mixing and temperature control, is easy to operate and allows for rapid turnaround between runs. It provides a homogeneous biochar product. Its use was demonstrated with digestate from the anaerobic digestion of food waste. The rapid and thorough testing program made possible with the PSR indicated that this digestate should be pyrolyzed at 250 C to maximize the release of mineral from the biochar to water, and at 400 C to minimize the release of minerals. Its biochar would require post-treatment to be applied as a substitute for activated carbon.

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The effect of biochar mild air oxidation on the optimization of lead(II) adsorption from wastewater

Cited by 80 publications

References 142 publications

Experimental methods in chemical engineering: specific surface area and pore size distribution measurements—BET, BJH, and DFT

Experimental methods in chemical engineering: specific surface area and pore size distribution measurements—BET, BJH, and DFT

Physico‐chemical processes

Pyrolysis shaker reactor for the production of biochar

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