The Effect of Biochar Addition on the Biogas Production Kinetics from the Anaerobic Digestion of Brewers’ Spent Grain

Dudek, Marta; Świechowski, Kacper; Manczarski, Piotr; Kozieł, Jacek A.; Białowiec, Andrzej

doi:10.3390/en12081518

Cited by 69 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(63 reference statements)

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“…Dudek et al [24] added brewer's spent grain BC, in the amount ranging from 1% to 50%, to a barley, yeast, hops, and water mixture in order to increase biogas rates, and yield and rate from the anaerobic digestion of the mixture. Maximum production of biogas ranged from 61.0 to 122.0 dm 3 •kg −1 dry organic matter , with the highest amount for 5% BC addition that resulted in a 32% higher yield, compared to the control group, which coincides with results obtained by Maurer et al [40].…”

Section: Biochar As a Manure/sludge Additivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, a complex investigation of BC influence on gaseous emissions is needed, including research on NH 3 , H 2 S, and VOCs emissions to evaluate BC amendment deodorizing potential, not only from composting mixtures but, for example, animal manure during livestock production. Dudek et al [24] Brewer's spent grain 1% to 50% by mass of byproducts of the beer brewing process -BC can increase biogas production by up to 32%.…”

Section: Biochar As a Manure/sludge Additivementioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of Biochar Properties and Their Utilization in Crop Agriculture and Livestock Production

2019

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When it comes to the use of biochar in agriculture, the majority of research conducted in the last decade has focused on its application as a soil amendment and for soil remediation. This treatment improves soil quality, increases crops yields, and sequestrates atmospheric carbon to the soil. Another widely studied aspect connecting biochar with agriculture is the composting processes of various agricultural waste with the addition of biochar. Obtaining the material via the pyrolysis of agricultural waste, including animal manure, has also been investigated. However, given the remarkable properties of biochar, its application potential could be utilized in other areas not yet thoroughly investigated. This review paper summarizes the last decade of research on biochar and its use in crop agriculture and livestock production. Knowledge gaps are highlighted, such as using biochar for the mitigation of odorous emissions from animal manure and by feeding the biochar to animals.

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Section: Biochar As a Manure/sludge Additivementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Biochar As a Manure/sludge Additivementioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Biochar Properties and Their Utilization in Crop Agriculture and Livestock Production

2019

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“…Obtained effective diffusities were significantly lower than those reported for olive pomace, making BSG a much more challenging material in terms of its drying [50]. Dudek et al [51] investigated use of BSG as a feedstock for anaerobic digestion (AD), as well as using BSG torrefaction as a mean to produce an AD additive [51]. The information available in the published literature on hydrothermal carbonization of brewer's spent grain (BSG) is not extensive.…”

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confidence: 99%

HTC of Wet Residues of the Brewing Process: Comprehensive Characterization of Produced Beer, Spent Grain and Valorized Residues

et al. 2020

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Steady consumption of beer results in a steady output of residues, i.e., brewer's spent grain (BSG). Its valorization, using hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) seems sensible. However, a significant knowledge gap regarding the variability of this residue and its influence on the valorization process and its potential use in biorefineries exists. This study attempted to fill this gap by characterization of BSG in conjunction with the main product (beer), taking into accounts details of the brewing process. Moreover, different methods to assess the performance of HTC were investigated. Overall, the differences in terms of the fuel properties of both types of spent grain were much less stark, in comparison to the differences between the respective beers. The use of HTC as a pretreatment of BSG for subsequent use as a biorefinery feedstock can be considered beneficial. HTC was helpful in uniformization and improvement of the fuel properties. A significant decrease in the oxygen content and O/C ratio and improved grindability was achieved. The Weber method proved to be feasible for HTC productivity assessment for commercial installations, giving satisfactory results for most of the cases, contrary to traditional ash tracer method, which resulted in significant overestimations of the mass yield.However, for craft breweries located in big cities, disposal becomes more problematic [3]. There are also attempts to enrich food products with spent grains. Thus far, there have been trials with sausages [4] and bread [5]. However, consumers reported that such products represent a fiber aftertaste [6]. However, this is limited only to the relatively close vicinity of a brewery, due to relatively high moisture content, that could range between 70% up to 78% 70% [7][8][9]. Biological activity of these residues makes long term storage difficult. The literature reports ongoing work on various new ways of using BSG, including extraction of polyphenols [10,11], other anti-oxidants [12,13], functional cardioprotective lipids for pharmaceutic use [14], proteins [15], fodder for edible insects [16], material for disposable trays [17], natural rubber modifier [18], as well as feedstock for production of pigments [19] and biochar, for subsequent use as soil amendment [20] or sustainable material for electrodes [21].The potential use of this residue as a fuel has been suggested by several authors so far [7][8][9]22,23]. The relatively high initial moisture content of spent grain makes hydrothermal valorization techniques the most sensible choice [8,9]. Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC), also known as wet torrefaction, is a valorization process suitable for a range of low-quality solid biomass, especially with high initial moisture content [24,25]. Process temperature, reported in the literature, usually ranges between 180 • C and 260 • C [25][26][27][28][29][30]. As the process takes place in subcritical water, pressure has to be higher than saturation pressure of water for specific temperature [25][26][27][28][29][30]. In these conditions wa...

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“…42 In this study, biomethane production (the product formed) was used to compute the k-values of both Stannard and firstorder models of 1.449/day and 0.2994/day, respectively. The k-values obtained were both high and positive, which, according to Dudek et al 41 , could be because of the higher bioavailability of cellulose, which results in a faster rate of biogas production. 34,35 This observation is in agreement with that of Veeken and Hamelers 43 , namely that biomethane production represents the hydrolysis rate of bioavailable substrate which decreases with decreasing VS and can be best described with first-order kinetics.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Most lignocellulosic substrates have cellulose as their main polymer component (about 68% in the case of okra). The hydrolysis rate of cellulose is normally the rate-limiting step, and the biomethane production rate is denoted by k. 40,41 The k-value of substrates can be determined via product formation (biomethane production or VFAs) and substrate depletion (VS, COD or DOC) methods. 42 In this study, biomethane production (the product formed) was used to compute the k-values of both Stannard and firstorder models of 1.449/day and 0.2994/day, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradability and kinetic studies on biomethane production from okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) waste

Ugwu¹,

Enweremadu²

2019

S. Afr. J. Sci.

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Emerging from the energy crisis of 2008 in South Africa, climate change concerns and the global desire to reduce high ozone-depleting emissions, renewable energy sources like biogas are gaining wide acceptance in most localities for heating and electricity. The paucity of feedstock varieties is a major challenge plaguing the sustainability of this sector. Biomethane potential, biodegradability and degradation kinetics of organic substrates are essential for assessing the suitability of feedstocks for methane generation and the overall performance of the anaerobic digestion process in biogas plants. Waste from the vegetable okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) is a novel substrate; its biodegradability and degradation dynamics in biomethane production are largely unstudied, and were therefore the aims of this research. The substrate was digested for 25 days at the mesophilic condition and the biomethane potential data were recorded. Measured data of methane yield and the elemental composition of the substrate were used to fit five models (modified Gompertz, Stannard, transference function, logistic and first-order models) to predict degradation parameters and determine biodegradability of the substrate, respectively. Low lag phase (0.143 d), positive kinetic constant (0.2994/d) and the model fitness indicator ( less than 10) showed that transference and first-order kinetic models predicted the methane yield better than did other growth functions. The experimental methane yield was 270.98 mL/gVS, theoretical methane yields were 444.48 mL/gVS and 342.06 mL/gVS and model simulation ranged from 267.5 mL/gVS to 270.89 mL/gVS. With a prediction difference of 0.03–1.28%, all growth functions acceptably predicted the kinetics of A. esculentus waste. The findings of this study offer information on this novel substrate important for its use in large-scale biogas production.

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The Effect of Biochar Addition on the Biogas Production Kinetics from the Anaerobic Digestion of Brewers’ Spent Grain

Cited by 69 publications

References 43 publications

A Review of Biochar Properties and Their Utilization in Crop Agriculture and Livestock Production

A Review of Biochar Properties and Their Utilization in Crop Agriculture and Livestock Production

HTC of Wet Residues of the Brewing Process: Comprehensive Characterization of Produced Beer, Spent Grain and Valorized Residues

Biodegradability and kinetic studies on biomethane production from okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) waste

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