The Effect of Bile Acids and Lipase on Absorption of Tallow in Young Chicks

Abstract

White leghorn chicks were fed diets with 4% tallow supplemented with one of the following bile acids at .04%: cholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid, dehydrocholic acid, deoxycholic acid, or sodium taurocholate. Cholic acid improved the absorption of tallow but not significantly; chenodeoxycholic acid significantly improved tallow absorption during days 0 to 7 but decreased it during days 14 to 21. The bile acids, dehydrocholic acid, deoxycholic acid, and sodium taurocholate had no significant effect on absorption of tallow. In a 2 x 3 factorial design involving cholic acid and lipase, .04% cholic acid and/or .10% lipase significantly improved the absorption of tallow by 8 and 4% in chicks 1 and 3 weeks of age, respectively. Dry matter digestibility and efficiency appeared to be improved with the improvement of lipid absorption.

The Effect of Bile Acid on Lipid and Nitrogen Retention, Carcass Composition, and Dietary Metabolizable Energy in Very Young Chicks ,

“…The chicks at 1 week of age were the most responsive to an improvement in retention of lipid by bile acid supplementation confirming the trend that the younger the chick the greater the response (Fedde et al, I960;Katongole and March, 1980;Polin et al, 1980). The age of the chicken at which maximum absorption of dietary fats occurs has not been clearly defined.…”

“…This study revealed that chicks of a heavy breed had their lowest retention values as early as their first week of age. Thus, heavy breeds appear to be similar to light breeds, which were already so characterized (Carew et al, 1972;Gomez and Polin, 1976;Polin<?£ al, 1980).…”

“…An aliquot was then ground in a Wiley mill to pass a #30 sieve. The finely ground samples were used for the analysis of moisture and lipid as previously described (Polin et al, 1980) and for nitrogen by the macro-Kjeldahl procedure. Feed samples were similarly ground in a Wiley mill and also analyzed for moisture, lipid, and nitrogen.…”

“…and Polin (1976), feeding purified-type diets, showed that the absorption of tallow was improved 15 to 20% in chicks 4 to 7 days of age by adding to the diets either cholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid, or sodium taurocholate (NaT). Polin et al (1980) noted that .04% cholic acid or chenodeoxycholic acid significantly improved, while NaT caused only a trend for an improvement, in tallow's absorption by chicks fed practical-type diets. Lipase at .1% of the diet was also effective in that study.…”

Effects of soy-lecithin on lipid metabolism and hepatic expression of lipogenic genes in broiler chickens

“…Soy-lecithin is a by-product from the processing of soybean oil that, apart from being a source of energy, also serves as an emulsifier and has the potential to facilitate fat absorption (Lechowski et al, 1999). Studies have shown that dietary supplementation of bile salts improves emulsion formation and fat digestibility in chickens (Kussaibati et al, 1982;Polin et al, 1980a).…”