The effect of betel nut extract on cell growth and prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase in human epidermoid carcinoma cells

Yang, Cheng‐Yu; Meng, Ching-Liang; Bijl, P. van der; Lee, H.K.

doi:10.1016/s0090-6980(02)00002-3

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…It was suggested that this stimulation of PGE2 production could partly result from the upregulation of COX2 mRNA expression. BN extract also slightly enhanced the activity of COX in the human oral carcinoma cell line, OEC-M1, but inhibited its activity in KB cells at concentrations greater than 50 µg/ml after 24 hours of exposure [169] . Upon treatment with BNE, head and neck carcinoma cells showed an increase of vimentin.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…PHS activity in OEC-M1 and NF was significantly increased by low BNE concentrations but significantly reduced at higher concentrations. The PHS activity in KB, on the other hand, was significantly inhibited by BNE and this effect was intensified as concentration increased [78]. Treatment of human oral mucosal fibroblasts (OMF) with BNE or arecoline induced about 3-fold increase in mRNA levels of the proto-oncogene c- jun independent of GSH depletion [79].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association of Betel Nut with Carcinogenesis: Revisit with a Clinical Perspective

et al. 2012

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Betel nut (BN), betel quid (BQ) and products derived from them are widely used as a socially endorsed masticatory product. The addictive nature of BN/BQ has resulted in its widespread usage making it the fourth most abused substance by humans. Progressively, several additives, including chewing tobacco, got added to simple BN preparations. This addictive practice has been shown to have strong etiological correlation with human susceptibility to cancer, particularly oral and oropharyngeal cancers.The PUBMED database was searched to retrieve all relevant published studies in English on BN and BQ, and its association with oral and oropharyngeal cancers. Only complete studies directly dealing with BN/BQ induced carcinogenesis using statistically valid and acceptable sample size were analyzed. Additional relevant information available from other sources was also considered.This systematic review attempts to put in perspective the consequences of this widespread habit of BN/BQ mastication, practiced by approximately 10% of the world population, on oral cancer with a clinical perspective. BN/BQ mastication seems to be significantly associated with susceptibility to oral and oropharyngeal cancers. Addition of tobacco to BN has been found to only marginally increase the cancer risk. Despite the widespread usage of BN/BQ and its strong association with human susceptibility to cancer, no serious strategy seems to exist to control this habit. The review, therefore, also looks at various preventive efforts being made by governments and highlights the multifaceted intervention strategies required to mitigate and/or control the habit of BN/BQ mastication.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Betel Nut with Carcinogenesis: Revisit with a Clinical Perspective

et al. 2012

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Section: Systemic Effects Of Areca Nutmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[47] Prostaglandin endoperoxidase synthatase, an intracellular enzyme induced by areca nut, plays an important role in carcinogenesis by increasing peroxyl radicals, increasing malonaldehyde, which is mutagenic, and activation of carcinogens in extrahepatic tissues. [48] Effect on the respiratory system Various case reports from different parts of the world have shown that the areca nut metabolite arecoline causes aggravation of disease in asthamatics by increasing bronchoconstriction in a dose-dependent manner and decreasing the forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV 1 ) by 30%; also, the rate of hospitalization is higher in asthamatics who chew areca nut [Table 1]. [49,50] Effect on the fetus Expectant mothers who consume areca nut have higher incidences of low birth weight, low birth length and preterm births.…”

Section: Effect On Arachidonic Acid and Leukotrines Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of the systemic adverse effects of areca nut or betel nut

Garg

Chaturvedi

Gupta

2014

Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol

211

161

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Areca nut is widely consumed by all ages groups in many parts of the world, especially south-east Asia. The objective of this review is to systematically review and collate all the published data that are related to the systemic effects of areca nut. The literature search was performed by an electronic search of the Pubmed and Cochrane databases using keywords and included articles published till October 2012. We selected studies that covered the effect of areca nut on metabolism, and a total of 62 studies met the criteria. There is substantial evidence for carcinogenicity of areca nut in cancers of the mouth and esophagus. Areca nut affects almost all organs of the human body, including the brain, heart, lungs, gastrointestinal tract and reproductive organs. It causes or aggravates pre-existing conditions such as neuronal injury, myocardial infarction, cardiac arrhythmias, hepatotoxicity, asthma, central obesity, type II diabetes, hyperlipidemia, metabolic syndrome, etc. Areca nut affects the endocrine system, leading to hypothyroidism, prostate hyperplasia and infertility. It affects the immune system leading to suppression of T-cell activity and decreased release of cytokines. It has harmful effects on the fetus when used during pregnancy. Thus, areca nut is not a harmless substance as often perceived and proclaimed by the manufacturers of areca nut products such as Pan Masala, Supari Mix, Betel quid, etc. There is an urgent need to recognize areca nut as a harmful food substance by the policy makers and prohibit its glamorization as a mouth freshener. Strict laws are necessary to regulate the production of commercial preparations of areca nut.

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Carcinogenic Effects of Areca Nut and Its Metabolites: A Review of the Experimental Evidence

Senevirathna

Pradeep

Jayasinghe

et al. 2023

Clinics and Practice

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Oral cancers (OC) are among the most frequent malignancies encountered in Southeast Asia, primarily due to the prevalent habit of betel quid (BQ) and smokeless tobacco use in this region. Areca nut (AN), the primary ingredient in BQ, contains several alkaloids, including arecoline, arecaidine, guvacoline, and guvacine. These have been associated with both the AN abuse liability and carcinogenicity. Additionally, variations in AN alkaloid levels could lead to differences in the addictiveness and carcinogenic potential across various AN-containing products. Recent studies based on animal models and in vitro experiments show cellular and molecular effects induced by AN. These comprise promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition, autophagy initiation, tissue hypoxia, genotoxicity, cytotoxicity, and cell death. Further, clinical research endorses these undesired harmful effects in humans. Oral submucosal fibrosis, a potentially malignant disease of the oral cavity, is predominantly reported from the geographical areas of the globe where AN is habitually chewed. OC in chronic AN users presents a more aggressive phenotype, such as resistance to anti-cancer drugs. The available evidence on the carcinogenicity of AN based on the findings reported in the recently published experimental studies is discussed in the present review.

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The effect of betel nut extract on cell growth and prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase in human epidermoid carcinoma cells

Cited by 4 publications

References 33 publications

Association of Betel Nut with Carcinogenesis: Revisit with a Clinical Perspective

Association of Betel Nut with Carcinogenesis: Revisit with a Clinical Perspective

A review of the systemic adverse effects of areca nut or betel nut

Carcinogenic Effects of Areca Nut and Its Metabolites: A Review of the Experimental Evidence

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