The effect of behavioral therapy on urinary incontinence: a randomized controlled trial

Abstract

A low-intensity behavioral therapy intervention for urinary incontinence was effective and should be considered as a first-line treatment for urinary incontinence in older women.

Identifying Continence OptioNs after Stroke (ICONS): an evidence synthesis, case study and exploratory cluster randomised controlled trial of the introduction of a systematic voiding programme for patients with urinary incontinence after stroke in secondary care

“…Table 3 details the trial arms compared against CBIs. Of the seven control comparisons, three were attention controls, 33,71,89 two were waitlist controls 90,91,100 and two were no treatment controls. 73,76 The remaining six treatment comparisons included three medications [propantheline bromide (Pro-Banthine ® , Roxane Laboratories Inc.) or oxybutinin (Ditropan, several manufacturers) (× 2)], 33,81,82,87 two single behavioural interventions (BT or PFMT) 31 and one psychotherapy comparison.…”

“…73,76 The remaining six treatment comparisons included three medications [propantheline bromide (Pro-Banthine ® , Roxane Laboratories Inc.) or oxybutinin (Ditropan, several manufacturers) (× 2)], 33,81,82,87 two single behavioural interventions (BT or PFMT) 31 and one psychotherapy comparison. 87 Seven of the trials were undertaken in the USA 31,33,73,76,[89][90][91]100 one in the UK, 87 one in Turkey 71 and one in Israel. 81,82 Three were quasi-RCTs.…”

“…31 The definition of incontinence differs slightly: four trials specifying that UI episodes had to occur at least twice a week, 33,73,76,89 one trial specifying at least once a week 31 and one trial specifying more than two episodes a month. 71 Of the remaining four trials, two confirmed UUI by urodynamic testing, 81,87 McFall et al 90 used self-report of UI for 3 months or more as an inclusion criteria and Subak et al 100 did not define UI but referred to standard diagnostic criteria sourced from US guidelines.…”

The Increasing Importance of A Continence Nurse Specialist To Improve Outcomes And Save Costs of Urinary Incontinence Care: An Analysis of Future Policy Scenarios

“…The type of nurse specialist proposed in this evaluation is responsible for urinary continence care and is specially trained to carry out physical examinations, prescribe drugs and containment products, and refer patients to specialist care. Effectiveness estimates of care provided by the nurse specialist in terms of improvement of the condition (mean 21%) and successfully treated (mean 31%) were based on a randomised controlled trial (RCT) by Subak et al [18]. The international awareness study [19] provided input for the estimations regarding the improvement of casedetection, as this study indicated that the majority of incontinence patients go undetected [16].…”

Diagnosis and management of the overactive bladder syndrome in women

“…It is thought that improved symptoms with bladder training may be attributed to a better understanding of the physiological responses of the bladder and the pelvic fl oor muscles. 24 When treating patients with cognitive or physical impairments, voiding programmes are generally used. These aim to offer increased toileting opportunities with assistance, together with assessment of toileting facilities and toileting aids.…”