The effect of basal diet on lactate-producing bacteria and the susceptibility of sheep to lactic acidosis

Jassim, Rafat Al; Gordon, Geoffrey L. R.; Rowe, JB

doi:10.1017/s1357729800054400

Cited by 13 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…In a grain challenge study, Al Jassim et al (2003) observed decreased acetate:propionate molar ratio with virginiamycin supplementation. More commonly; however, the effects of virginiamycin on ruminal VFA molar proportions has been negligible (Ives et al 2002;Candanosa et al 2008;Salinas-Chavira et al 2009).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effects of monensin and virginiamycin supplementation in finishing diets with distiller dried grains plus solubles on growth performance and digestive function of steers

Montaño

Manriquez

Salinas-Chavira

et al. 2014

Journal of Applied Animal Research

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Two trials were conducted to evaluate the influence of virginiamycin (26 mg/kg) and monensin (34 mg/kg) supplementation of a steam-flaked corn-based finishing diet containing 15% distiller dried grains plus solubles (DDGS) on growth performance and digestive function. In Trial 1, 135 steers (257 ± 21 kg) were used to evaluate treatment effects on 145-d growth performance. There were no treatment effects (P > 0.20) on dry matter intake (DMI). Antibiotic supplementation tended to increase average daily gain (ADG; 7%, P = 0.07); increased gain efficiency (11%, P < 0.01) and estimated dietary net energy (NE; 10%, P < 0.01). Carcass marbling score was greater (12%, P = 0.04) for virginiamycin vs. monensin. In Trial 2, three Holstein steers (300 ± 7 kg) were used in a 3 × 3 Latin square to evaluate treatment effects on digestion. Both monensin and virginiamycin depressed ruminal digestion of organic matter (OM; 6%, P < 0.01) and feed nitrogen (N, 15%, P = 0.03) and microbial protein synthesis (15%, P = 0.03). There were no treatment effects of total tract OM and N digestion. Antibiotic supplementation increased (2.3%, P = 0.02) ruminal pH, associated with decreased (7%, P = 0.04) ruminal volatile fatty acids (VFA) concentrations. It is concluded that monensin and virginiamycin supplementation of growing-finishing diets for feedlot cattle may enhance daily weight gain, gain efficiency and dietary energetics. These effects are associated with a shift towards great intestinal OM digestion and decreased ruminal degradation of feed N and microbial protein synthesis.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effects of monensin and virginiamycin supplementation in finishing diets with distiller dried grains plus solubles on growth performance and digestive function of steers

Montaño

Manriquez

Salinas-Chavira

et al. 2014

Journal of Applied Animal Research

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“…Modified and nonselective MRS medium (Oxoid, Basingstoke, UK; De Man et al. 1960) was used in roll tubes for the initial culture of bacteria (Al Jassim et al. 2003).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This procedure was carried out twice and the isolates were stored in 10% glycerol at −20°C until required. To determine the purity and Gram morphology, isolates were subcultured into roll tubes containing BM10 broth supplemented with glucose (3 g l −1 ) and incubated at 39°C for 24 h. After incubation, cultures were observed under light microscopy (Al Jassim et al. 2003).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With starch‐rich diets, lactic acid producing bacteria (LAB) such as Streptococcus bovis , Lactobacillus spp . and Selenomonas ruminantium are known to proliferate rapidly in the rumen under conditions of low pH, which impact negatively on cellulolytic bacteria and protozoa (Al Jassim and Rowe 1999; Al Jassim et al. 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it has also been reported that the antibiotics that have been prescribed only affect Gram‐positive bacteria such as Strep. bovis and exert no effect on Gram‐negative LAB such as S. ruminantium at the recommended level of their use (Russell and Wallace 1997; Al Jassim and Rowe 1999; Al Jassim et al. 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The characterization of lactic acid producing bacteria from the rumen of dairy cattle grazing on improved pasture supplemented with wheat and barley grain

Hernández

Scott

Rw³

et al. 2008

J Appl Microbiol

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Aims: To identify and characterize the major lactic acid bacteria in the rumen of dairy cattle grazing improved pasture of rye grass and white clover and receiving a maize silage and grain supplement with and without virginiamycin. Methods and Results: Eighty‐five bacterial isolates were obtained from the rumen of 16 Holstein‐Friesian dairy cows. The isolates were initially grouped on the basis of their Gram morphology and by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the PCR amplified 16S rDNA. A more definitive analysis was undertaken by comparing the 16S rDNA sequences. Many of the isolates were closely related to other previously characterized rumen bacteria, including Streptococcus bovis, Lactobacillus vitulinus, Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, Prevotella bryantii and Selenomonas ruminantium. The in vitro production of l‐ and/or d‐lactate was seen with all but five of the isolates examined, many of which were also resistant to virginiamycin. Conclusion: Supplementation of grain with virginiamycin may reduce the risk of acidosis but does not prevent its occurrence in dairy cattle grazing improved pasture. Significance and Impact of the Study: This study shows that lactic acid production is caused, not only by various thoroughly researched types of bacteria, but also by others previously identified in the rumen but not further characterized.

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Supplementary feeding of horses with processed sorghum grains and oats

Jassim

2006

Animal Feed Science and Technology

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The effect of basal diet on lactate-producing bacteria and the susceptibility of sheep to lactic acidosis

Abstract: The influence of a diet of either pasture or hay on the development of lactic acidosis in sheep was investigated using a grain challenge approach.

Cited by 13 publications

References 21 publications

Effects of monensin and virginiamycin supplementation in finishing diets with distiller dried grains plus solubles on growth performance and digestive function of steers

Effects of monensin and virginiamycin supplementation in finishing diets with distiller dried grains plus solubles on growth performance and digestive function of steers

The characterization of lactic acid producing bacteria from the rumen of dairy cattle grazing on improved pasture supplemented with wheat and barley grain

Supplementary feeding of horses with processed sorghum grains and oats

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