The Effect of Auxins on the Binding of Pectin Methylesterase to Cell Wall Preparations

Glasziou, KT

doi:10.1071/bi9570426

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The pH titrimetric method described previously (Glasziou 1957b) was used with the minor modification that the pH was kept as constant as possible at 7 •0. In addition, a manometric method was developed for assays which required higher sensitivity.…”

Section: (C) Enzyme Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previously it was shown (Glasziou 1957a(Glasziou , 1957b) that the auxins 3-indolylacetic acid (IAA), 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), and a-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) were effective in binding pectin methylesterase (PME) to cell wall preparations from which the enzyme had been split with strong salt solutions. Each auxin had an optimum activity at about lO-IJM .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Auxins on the Binding of Pectin Methylesterase to Cell Walls

Glasziou¹,

Inglis²

1958

Aust. Jnl. Of Bio. Sci.

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Further studies on the binding of pectin methylesterase (PME) to cell wall preparations are described. The PME of extracts of wall preparations from artichoke tubers was separated into three fractions, A, B, and O. Two similar fractions (A and 0) were obtained from tobacco pith wall preparations. The amount of fraction A type PME which could be adsorbed to wall preparations was increased by the addition of 2,4.dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4.D), but not by calcium ions. Neither 2,4.D nor calcium increased the adsorption of fraction B, but calcium and not 2,4�D increased the amount of fraction 0 adsorbed to the wall preparations.

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Section: (C) Enzyme Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Auxins on the Binding of Pectin Methylesterase to Cell Walls

Glasziou¹,

Inglis²

1958

Aust. Jnl. Of Bio. Sci.

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“…Furthermore, recent results from studies on Avena coleoptiles (15,16,19) have suggested that the way in which auxin plasticizes walls to permit increased elongation of cells is by affecting the degree of methyl esterification of the pectic materials in the walls. Other authors (8) have inferred from effects of auxin on the binding of pectin methylesterase in the wall that in promoting elongation, auxin acts through pectin. However, it is difficult to imagine how the minute pectic content found here could have significant influence on the physical properties of the walls: hexuronic acid residues, either as pectic substances or as components in non-cellulosic polysaccharide chains, could possibly have a disproportionate effect in plasticizing the wall by occupying strategic positions in the wall structure, but the degree of economy and order in the distribution of these residues required to achieve such a system would appear to be so high as to make it improbable.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Recovery in the alkali extraction was 81 % (Fractions 8 plus 9). If it is assumed that the protein (9.5 %) in the original dried wall fragments was lost by hydrolysis and dialysis during the alkali extraction, an assumption that was supported by the lack of nitrogen in Fraction 8 (23, p. 162). When applied to coleoptiles the ammonium oxalate : oxalic acid extraction removed a mixture of polysaceharides which were separated by a sub-fractionation with ethanol-water.…”

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Chemical Constitution of the Primary Cell Walls of Avena Coleoptiles.

Bishop¹,

Bayley²,

Setterfield³

1958

Plant Physiol.

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In studies of the structure and development of primary walls of plant cells, little detailed attention has been given to the non-cellulosic components of the wall. Indeed, as Bonner (6, p. drous calcium chloride for at least 18 hours. Hydrolyses were carried out by heating samples of 10 to 20 mg of the various fractions with 1 ml N hydrochloric acid in a sealed tube at 1000 C for 8 hours. Chromatograms were run by the descending method (17) using one of the following solvent systems: (A) pyridine ethyl acetate : water-i : 2 : 2 (11); (B) ethyl acetate acetic acid: water-3 1: 3 (11); (C) n-butanol : pyridine: water-6 4: 3 (10). Sugars were detected on the chromatograms by the p-anisidine hydrochloride spray reagent (10) and were chromatographically identified by running samples of known sugars on the same paper sheet. At least two solvent systems were used to establish this identification. Nitrogen was determined on 15 to 25 mg samples by the micro-Kjeldahl method and protein was taken as 6 times the micro-Kjeldahl value.The supernatant and washings from the ground coleoptiles were dialyzed in Visking cellophane tubing against fresh distilled water for three 24-hour periods. A precipitate which formed inside the dialysis tube was centrifuged, washed once with water and dried to give Fraction 1 (0.5323 g; N, 9.85 % = 59 % protein). After hydrolysis, chromatography (solvents A and C) revealed the presence of arabinose, xylose, glucose and galactose in the approximate ratios shown in table I.The supernatant liquor from Fraction 1 was concentrated to 1/20 its volume and ethanol was added until precipitation was complete. The precipitate was centrifuged and dried to give Fraction 2 (0.3166 g; N, 5.26 % = 32 % protein). Hydrolysis and chromatography (solvents A and C) showed the presence of arabinose, xylose, glucose and galactose (table I).The ethanolic mother liquors from Fraction 2 were evaporated to dryness and the residue was redissolved in ethanol. Addition of ether caused precipitation of Fraction 3 which was washed once with ether and dried (0.2360 g; N, 3.6 % = 22 % protein). Arabinose, xylose and glucose were detected chromatographically (solvents A and C) after hydrolysis. Evaporation of the supernatant liquor from Fraction 3 left no residue indicating that Fractions 1, 2 and 3 together represented all of the non-dialyzable material washed from the coleoptiles by water.The washed sediment from the original ground coleoptiles was dried in air, ground through a Wiley mill (20-mesh screen), and dried to constant weight at a pressure of 0.03 mm Hg over phosphorus pentoxide. For convenience, this dried product (Fraction 4; 4.8286 g after removal of 0.0255 g for N determination; N, 1.58 % = 9.5 % protein) was regarded as the total primary cell wall material to which Fractions 5 to 9 are referred in terms of percent by dry weight (see discussion and table I).Fraction 4 was extracted in a Soxhlet apparatus 283 www.plantphysiol.org on May 10, 2018 -Published by Downloaded from

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“…PGs produced by plant pathogens can be inactivated in the rotted tissue by compounds formed during the oxidation and polymerization of host polyphenols (447). Plant auxins, like 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic, a-naphthylacetic and P-indolylacetic acid, seem to promote the binding of PEs to the cell wall, controlling thereby the saponification of pectic substances of the cell wall and influencing its plasticity ( [420][421][422]. 8 search' %' , No.…”

Section: Addendummentioning

confidence: 99%