The effect of asymmetrical gait induced by unilateral knee brace on the knee flexor and extensor muscles

Yap, Yi Ting; Gouwanda, Darwin; Gopalai, Alpha Agape; Chong, Yu Zheng

doi:10.1007/s11517-021-02337-7

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…In brief, the rs-fMRI image preprocessing was conducted and then the FC was calculated. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with the post hoc t-test [48][49][50] was carried out during the statistical analysis. Then alterations in FC of the LHb were identified.…”

Section: Study Design and Main Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations of functional connectivity of the lateral habenula in subclinical depression and major depressive disorder

Yang

Jin

et al. 2022

BMC Psychiatry

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Background Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common cause of disability and morbidity, affecting about 10% of the population worldwide. Subclinical depression (SD) can be understood as a precursor of MDD, and therefore provides an MDD risk indicator. The pathogenesis of MDD and SD in humans is still unclear, and the current diagnosis lacks accurate biomarkers and gold standards. Methods A total of 40 MDD, 34 SD, and 40 healthy control (HC) participants matched by age, gender, and education were included in this study. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance images (rs-fMRI) were used to analyze the functional connectivity (FC) of the posterior parietal thalamus (PPtha), which includes the lateral habenula, as the region of interest. Analysis of variance with the post hoc t-test test was performed to find significant differences in FC and clarify the variations in FC among the HC, SD, and MDD groups. Results Increased FC was observed between PPtha and the left inferior temporal gyrus (ITG) for MDD versus SD, and between PPtha and the right ITG for SD versus HC. Conversely, decreased FC was observed between PPtha and the right middle temporal gyrus (MTG) for MDD versus SD and MDD versus HC. The FC between PPtha and the middle frontal gyrus (MFG) in SD was higher than that in MDD and HC. Compared with the HC group, the FC of PPtha-ITG (left and right) increased in both the SD and MDD groups, PPtha-MTG (right) decreased in both the SD and MDD groups and PPtha-MFG (right) increased in the SD group and decreased in the MDD group. Conclusion Through analysis of FC measured by rs-fMRI, the altered FC between PPtha and several brain regions (right and left ITG, right MTG, and right MFG) has been identified in participants with SD and MDD. Different alterations in FC between PPtha and these regions were identified for patients with depression. These findings might provide insights into the potential pathophysiological mechanisms of SD and MDD, especially related to PPtha and the lateral habenula.

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Section: Study Design and Main Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations of functional connectivity of the lateral habenula in subclinical depression and major depressive disorder

Yang

Jin

et al. 2022

BMC Psychiatry

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“…We consider our approach robust and reproducible: we used previously applied and validated biomechanical models in the well-established and validated musculoskeletal modeling environment OpenSim for our analysis ( Delp et al, 2007 ; Seth et al, 2018 ; Karimi et al, 2021 ; Yap et al, 2021 ). We applied default personalisation procedures, using participant body weight and MoCap markers with unchanged default weights.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The concept of human digital twins has already been used, in particular for accurate musculoskeletal models, validated for human motion analysis and simulations. Among others, the open-source platform OpenSim ( Delp et al, 2007 ) has been validated in various human motion studies ( Rajagopal et al, 2016 ; Seth et al, 2018 ; Karimi et al, 2021 ; Yap et al, 2021 ). Biomechanical models provide the basis for evaluating wearable system design, as shown by ( Lambrecht et al, 2017 ; Derungs and Amft, 2020 ; Mundt et al, 2020 ; Al Borno et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-simulation of human digital twins and wearable inertial sensors to analyse gait event estimation

Uhlenberg

Derungs

Amft

2023

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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We propose a co-simulation framework comprising biomechanical human body models and wearable inertial sensor models to analyse gait events dynamically, depending on inertial sensor type, sensor positioning, and processing algorithms. A total of 960 inertial sensors were virtually attached to the lower extremities of a validated biomechanical model and shoe model. Walking of hemiparetic patients was simulated using motion capture data (kinematic simulation). Accelerations and angular velocities were synthesised according to the inertial sensor models. A comprehensive error analysis of detected gait events versus reference gait events of each simulated sensor position across all segments was performed. For gait event detection, we considered 1-, 2-, and 4-phase gait models. Results of hemiparetic patients showed superior gait event estimation performance for a sensor fusion of angular velocity and acceleration data with lower nMAEs (9%) across all sensor positions compared to error estimation with acceleration data only. Depending on algorithm choice and parameterisation, gait event detection performance increased up to 65%. Our results suggest that user personalisation of IMU placement should be pursued as a first priority for gait phase detection, while sensor position variation may be a secondary adaptation target. When comparing rotatory and translatory error components per body segment, larger interquartile ranges of rotatory errors were observed for all phase models i.e., repositioning the sensor around the body segment axis was more harmful than along the limb axis for gait phase detection. The proposed co-simulation framework is suitable for evaluating different sensor modalities, as well as gait event detection algorithms for different gait phase models. The results of our analysis open a new path for utilising biomechanical human digital twins in wearable system design and performance estimation before physical device prototypes are deployed.

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Musculoskeletal Gait Simulation to Investigate Biomechanical Effect of Knee Brace

Yap

Gouwanda

Gopalai

et al. 2022

Journal of Biomechanical Engineering

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Musculoskeletal modelling and simulation has been an emerging trend in human gait analysis. It allows the user to isolate certain biomechanical condition and elucidate the dynamics of joints and muscles. This study used an open source musculoskeletal modelling and simulation tool, OpenSim to investigate the biomechanical effect of knee brace. It collected gait data from thirty-eight participants and examined the gait spatio-temporal parameters, joint angles and joint moments. Static optimization was performed to estimate the lower extremity muscle force. Statistical analysis was conducted to identify the difference between normal and abnormal gaits. The results demonstrated the feasibility of this method to investigate the interaction and coordination of lower extremity joints and muscles. The knee brace constrained the range of the motion of the knee during walking. It also changed the walking speed, step length and stance-to-swing ratio. Several significant differences were found in the joint moments and muscle forces of the rectus femoris, gastrocnemius, soleus and tibialis anterior. Musculoskeletal modelling and simulation tool offers a less invasive and practical alternative to analyze human motion. It also offers a means to investigate the effect of medical devices such as knee brace, which can be potentially beneficial for the future design and development of such devices and for derivation of rehabilitation treatment to improve patient's gait.

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The effect of asymmetrical gait induced by unilateral knee brace on the knee flexor and extensor muscles

Cited by 3 publications

References 48 publications

Alterations of functional connectivity of the lateral habenula in subclinical depression and major depressive disorder

Alterations of functional connectivity of the lateral habenula in subclinical depression and major depressive disorder

Co-simulation of human digital twins and wearable inertial sensors to analyse gait event estimation

Musculoskeletal Gait Simulation to Investigate Biomechanical Effect of Knee Brace

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