The Effect of Antivascular Endothelial Growth Factor on the Development of Adhesion Formation in Laparotomized Rats: Experimental Study

Abstract

Aims. This study determined the effects of a single dose of bevacizumab, an antiangiogenic recombinant monoclonal antibody that specifically targets vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), on adhesion formation in the rat cecal abrasion model. Methodology. Thirty female Wistar albino rats (200–224 g) were divided into three groups. All rats underwent laparotomy at which time cecal wall abrasion and abdominal wall injuries were induced. Group I (control) underwent only the abrasion procedure; Groups II and III received saline or bevacizumab intraperitoneally, respectively, following the abrasion. The rats were killed on postoperative day 7, and the severity of adhesions was evaluated, together with histopathological fibrosis parameters and immunohistochemical staining to identify the VEGF receptor. Results. The mean adhesion severity score in Groups I–III was 2.5 ± 0.52, 2.4 ± 0.69, and 0.7 ± 0.82, respectively; the score in Group III was significantly lower than that in Groups I (P < 0.001) and II (P < 0.001). In the histopathological evaluation, the mean fibrosis score in Group III was significantly lower that the scores in Groups I (P < 0.001) and II (P < 0.001). VEGF staining of the adhesion areas in Group III was significantly lower than that in Groups I (P < 0.001) and II (P < 0.001). Conclusion. Bevacizumab decreases adhesion formation following laparotomy in rats by blocking VEGF receptor occupancy.

The Efficacy of Bevacizumab, Sorafenib, and Retinoic Acid on Rat Endometriosis Model

“…The rats in group II (bevacizumab group, n ¼ 11) were given 2.5 mg/kg bevacizumab (Avastin 25 mg/mL, Roche, Switzerland) diluted to 5 mg/mL with 9% NaCl and administered by intraperitoneal injection. This dosage was based on previous studies 16 and administered again after 10 days. The rats in group III (sorafenib group, n ¼ 11) were given 30 mg/kg per d (in 0.5 mL izotonic) oral sorafenib for 10 days.…”

Intraperitoneal Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor: A Prognostic Factor and the Potential for Intraperitoneal Bevacizumab Use in Peritoneal Surface Malignancies

“…It has been shown in animal studies that it does not affect wound or anastomotic healing, decreases the adhesion rate, and does not increase the morbidity and mortality with surgery. [25][26][27][28] On analysis of the clinicopathological variables, various variables, such as a lower PCI score, higher age at diagnosis, shorter duration of surgery, and use of HIPEC amongst others, were found to be associated with improved overall and disease-free survival. Older age seemed to be associated with improved survival.…”

The urgency of the problem of adhesions in the pelvis, its consequences and the role of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia in its development

“…К ним относятся: предшествующие операции на органах брюшной полости и малого таза (лапаротомия, лапароскопия), воспалительные заболевания придатков матки, наружный генитальный эндометриоз. Достаточно высокая распространенность травм и оперативных вмешательств (в том числе -малоинвазивных) в современном мире, активное акушерство, равно как и неуклонный рост числа хронических заболеваний органов брюшной полости приводит к тому, что мы вправе ожидать спайкообразования в течение жизни почти у 40% людей [9]. Хотя в большинстве случаев образовавшиеся спайки ведут себя очень спокойно, функция органов брюшной полости компенсирована, тем не ме-нее, спаечный процесс часто становится причиной болевого синдрома, кишечной непроходимости, женского бесплодия [10].…”