The Effect of Antibody on Rubella Virus Infection in Human Lymphoid Cells

Abstract

SUMMARYThe effect of rabbit anti-rubella virus (RV) serum on the course of RV infection of human lymphoid cells has been examined. The antibody was found to abolish viral replication such that no virus progeny could be detected either extracellularly (after removal of the antiserum) or intracellularly, in the treated cells. Viral protein synthesis was also found to be totally inhibited in the presence of anti-RV but resumed immediately on removal of the antibody block at levels suggesting that viral RNA had been accumulating in the cell. Infectious focus assays indicated that the effect could be explained in part by the restriction by antiviral antibody of cell-to-cell spread in the indicator monolayer. Thus by 48 h when 1009/oo of lymphoid cells infected with virus alone were capable of forming infectious foci, only 40 to 50~ of cells infected in the presence of antiviral antibody produced loci. However this restriction imposed by antibody did not adequately explain the total inhibition of viral protein synthesis that occurred under these conditions. Pretreatment of RV with excess neutralizing antiserum reduced the virus titre > 99.9 ~ but did not eliminate infectious virus. The

Virus-associated anterior uveitis and secondary glaucoma: Diagnostics, clinical characteristics, and surgical options

“…Additionally, prior studies reported that reverse transcription (RT)-PCR has frequently failed to demonstrate the presence of RV RNA in Fuchs'Uveitis Syndrome (FUS) due to a low-viral load below detection level and a high-rate of anti-RV antibodies which block the viral replication. [5][6][7][8][9] For the analysis of immunoglobulin fraction in the AH and serum, the use of GWC is mandatory to differentiate RV, but it is also mandatory for all other herpetic viruses especially in a period of latency. Previous results showed that immune mediators play a crucial role in specific viral inflammation and influence intraocular pressure (IOP).…”

Assays for the assessment of neutralizing antibody activities against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) associated coronavirus (SCV)

“…It has been reported that high titers of protective antibodies were present in the convalescent sera of SCV infected patients and the passive transfer of these sera could improve the clinical outcome of SARS (Li et al, 2003a;Pearson, 2004). This implies that if a vaccine can elicit robust humoral immunity, it will be protective against SCV infection by eliminating or reducing the cell-free viral infectivity (Chantler and Davies, 1987;Burton, 1997;Maruyama et al, 1999;Roehrig et al, 2001;Burton et al, 2004). To evaluate the neutralizing antibody activities in serum samples from either SCV infected hosts or those immunized with candidate SCV vaccines, it is critical to establish highly reproducible and quantitative in vitro virus neutralization assays.…”