The effect of antibiotics on the cell morphology of Legionella pneumophila

Chan, Edward L.; Harris, R C; Dalton, Harry P.

doi:10.1099/00222615-23-2-149

Cited by 10 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…SubMIC macrolides suppress biofilm formation by PA, which also appears to be an important factor for PA to persist in the lungs of patients with bronchiectasis and CF [27]. Although subMIC EM has been shown to alter the morphology of Legionella pneumophilia [28], its effects on the bacterial morphology of PA has not been investigated previously. Although the mechanism underlying the reduced PA adherence to collagen and alteration of bacterial morphology is unclear, it has been known for some time that subMIC antibiotics could alter bacterial morphology [29,30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Effects of erythromycin onPseudomonas aeruginosaadherence to collagen and morphologyin vitro

Tsang¹,

Ng²,

Ho³

et al. 2003

Eur Respir J

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The airways of patients with bronchiectasis and cystic fibrosis are often chronically colonised by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA), which is virtually impossible to eradicate. Low-dose erythromycin (EM), for unknown mechanisms, is efficacious in bronchiectasis and diffuse panbronchiolitis.In this study, an in vitro model to investigate PA adherence to human type IV basement collagen was developed by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). There were significantly less PA bacilli per 20 random SEM fields (4,0006) when PA was cultured in 0.05, 0.5 and 5 mg?mL -1 of EM compared with control (absence of EM). Adherence density (20 SEM fields?log -1 inocular size) for PA obtained from no EM (56.8¡43.16) was significantly higher than that obtained from 0.05, 0.5, and 5 mg?mL -1 EM (21.5¡17.56, 23.3¡16.65, and 21.4¡12.65 respectively). By using SEM it was found that PA, when incubated in EM (0.05, 0.5, 5 mg?mL -1 ) had a significant reduction in its diagonal length, radius, height, volume and surface area.It is possible, therefore, that these misshaped Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacilli are more susceptible to host defence mechanisms, while at the same time less adherent to the basement membrane of the airway in vivo. Therefore, this could help explain the clinical efficacy of low-dose erythromycin therapy on patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Eur Respir J 2003; 21: 401-406.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Effects of erythromycin onPseudomonas aeruginosaadherence to collagen and morphologyin vitro

Tsang¹,

Ng²,

Ho³

et al. 2003

Eur Respir J

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“…The present review, in accordance with authoritative papers on the subject, differentiates bulges from blebs on the basis that bulges involve the cytoplasmic membrane [35,57,172], and blebs are derived from just the outer membrane (Fig. 7) [ 143,171]. Bulges typically occur mid-cell or along the cylinder of the cell rather than at the poles [61,70,172].…”

Section: Bulge Formationmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Antibacterial agent-induced bleb formation has been reported in numerous Gram-negative species including E. coli [41,143,179,180,182], L. pneumophila [83,171], P. aeruginosa [142,[181][182][183], and Salmonella Typhimurium [184]. Unlike bulges, which are typically observed as a single protrusion per cell (Fig.…”

Section: Blebbingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This change in bacterial morphology has been described as 'bulging' by some authors [50,103,169] and 'swelling' by others [55,171,172], with the terms 'oval-centred cells' [54], 'sphero-rods' [101], and 'spindle-shaped forms' [57,173] used for rods with mid-cell swelling, and 'bottle-shaped forms' used for rods with polar swelling [57].…”

Section: Localized Swellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are more readily detected by TEM than SEM [171]. Blebs can occur during normal growth of bacteria, but increase in number following treatment with certain antibiotics and biocides [180,181].…”

Section: Blebbingmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Morphological and ultrastructural changes in bacterial cells as an indicator of antibacterial mechanism of action

Cushnie

O’Driscoll

Lamb

2016

Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

155

124

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Cationic π-Conjugated Polyelectrolyte Shows Antimicrobial Activity by Causing Lipid Loss and Lowering Elastic Modulus of Bacteria

Zamani

Johnson

Chatterjee

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Cationic, π-conjugated oligo-/polyelectrolytes (CCOEs/CCPEs) have shown great potential as antimicrobial materials to fight against antibiotic resistance. In this work, we treated wild-type and ampicillin-resistant (amp-resistant) Escherichia coli (E. coli) with a promising cationic, π-conjugated polyelectrolyte (P1) with a phenylene-based backbone and investigated the resulting morphological, mechanical, and compositional changes of the outer membrane of bacteria in great detail. The cationic quaternary amine groups of P1 led to electrostatic interactions with negatively charged moieties within the outer membrane of bacteria. Using atomic force microscopy (AFM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM), we showed that due to this treatment, the bacterial outer membrane became rougher, decreased in stiffness/elastic modulus (AFM nanoindentation), formed blebs, and released vesicles near the cells. These evidences, in addition to increased staining of the P1-treated cell membrane by lipophilic dye Nile Red (confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM)), suggested loosening/disruption of packing of the outer cell envelope and release and exposure of lipid-based components. Lipidomics and fatty acid analysis confirmed a significant loss of phosphate-based outer membrane lipids and fatty acids, some of which are critically needed to maintain cell wall integrity and mechanical strength. Lipidomics and UV−vis analysis also confirmed that the extracellular vesicles released upon treatment (AFM) are composed of lipids and cationic P1. Such surface alterations (vesicle/bleb formation) and release of lipids/fatty acids upon treatment were effective enough to inhibit further growth of E. coli cells without completely disintegrating the cells and have been known as a defense mechanism of the cells against cationic antimicrobial agents.

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The effect of antibiotics on the cell morphology of Legionella pneumophila

Cited by 10 publications

References 13 publications

Effects of erythromycin onPseudomonas aeruginosaadherence to collagen and morphologyin vitro

Effects of erythromycin onPseudomonas aeruginosaadherence to collagen and morphologyin vitro

Morphological and ultrastructural changes in bacterial cells as an indicator of antibacterial mechanism of action

Cationic π-Conjugated Polyelectrolyte Shows Antimicrobial Activity by Causing Lipid Loss and Lowering Elastic Modulus of Bacteria

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