The effect of antibiotic therapy before percutaneous nephrolithotomy on the frequency of postoperative complications

Abstract

Purpose: Stone disease is affecting 0.13% of the population in the world, and percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) could be effective and safe to treat complex or large volumes of nephrolithiasis. PCNL may have considerable risks and complications, such as fever. Patients and Methods: We conducted a retrospective clinical study on 708 patients who underwent PCNL in the Razi Hospital. Patients were allocated into two groups; group 1 included 454 patients with at least an antibiotic therapy experience, and group 2 included 254 patients without pre-operative antibiotic therapy. Results: 241(53.1%) males and 213(46.9%) females were in group 1, and 137(53.9%) males and 116(45.7%) females were in group 2. 82.7% of patients treated with antibiotics had a negative culture. The hospitalization time in patients was 4.00± 1.74 days (group 1) and 2.26 ± 1.5 days (group 2). The fever was seen in 39(11.9%) patients (group 1). Sepsis was seen in only one patient in group 1 (0.3%). There is a significant relationship between total hospitalization (P-value=0.000), hospitalization after operation (P-value=0.000), hypertension (p-value =0.009), ischemic heart disease (p-value =0.050), history of shock wave lithotripsy (p-value =0.003), hydronephrosis (p-value =0.000), age (P-value=0.004), and hemoglobin (P-value=0.000) with antibiotic therapy. Conclusion: A few patients who underwent PCNL suffer from fever despite antibiotic therapy. Overall, we found that antibiotic therapy does not play an effective role in reducing post-operative fever.