The Effect of an Optimized Diet as an Adjunct to Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy in Subjects with Periodontitis: A Prospective Study

Abstract

Diet and nutrition are generally categorized as modifiable lifestyle risk factors for the development of periodontal disease because diet may influence a person’s inflammatory status. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the application of a diet plan focused on reducing inflammation and oxidative stress in treating periodontitis. Subjects suffering from periodontitis were divided into two groups. Both groups underwent non-surgical periodontal therapy, and in the optimized diet (OD) group, this treatment was associated with a diet plan. The sample consisted of 60 subjects; 32 (53%) were treated in the non-optimized diet group (ND group) and 28 (47%) in the OD group. In both groups, the periodontal treatment significantly improved the recorded periodontal outcomes between T0 and T1 (FMPS, FMBS, CAL, PPD). Inter-group differences were not statistically significant (p < 0.05). The linear regression models showed that the optimized diet was associated with a higher reduction in PPD and FMBS after the treatment, while patients who had higher LDL levels (over 100 mg/mL) had a less favorable improvement of PPD. The application of an improved diet plan can increase the reduction in PPD and FMBS after non-surgical periodontal therapy when compared with periodontal treatment alone.

Plasma elaidic acid level is associated with periodontal health in American adults: A cross-sectional study

“…And in a prospective study, the diet of patients undergoing non-surgical periodontal treatment was optimized for 4 weeks (intake of vitamins, fiber, and restriction of TFA intake). This study found that the reduction of full-mouth bleeding score and PPD was more significant in the population with optimized diet than in the group with only periodontal treatment ( 29 ). In a cross-sectional study of patients with stable coronary artery disease ( 50 ), it was found that dietary patterns of patients with periodontitis favor the eating of fried foods, which are known to be rich in TFA.…”

“…Meanwhile, recent studies have found that EA consumption in the diet has a negative impact on the oral condition of mice, associated with periodontal bleeding ( 28 ). And for patients after periodontal treatment, banning EA-rich food intake can improve the periodontal prognosis ( 29 ).…”

Oral microbiota in human health and disease: A perspective

“…These in turn will lead to a deprivation of local oxygen in the area, favoring the development of anaerobic bacteria present in the gum cracks that in turn feed dysbiosis 55 and a sustained inflammatory reaction with further tissue damage, the so-called “ inflammatory dysbiotic cycle ” (IDC) ( Figure 5 ). A recent study 88 evaluated the efficacy of a low-carbohydrate diet plan characterized by a particular attention to the daily intake of whole-grain products and fiber, omega-3 fatty acids, sources of vitamin C, vitamin D, and antioxidants in reducing inflammation and oxidative stress in treating periodontitis. The authors found that the application of this optimized diet was associated with a higher reduction in probing pocket depth (PPD) and full-mouth bleeding score (FMBS) after the treatment.…”

“…The authors found that the application of this optimized diet was associated with a higher reduction in probing pocket depth (PPD) and full-mouth bleeding score (FMBS) after the treatment. 88 …”

Association between Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms and Periodontal Bacteria: A Clinical Pilot Study

“…Therapeutic interventions aiming to modulate the inflammation profile should include behavioral interventions, such as smoking and dietary consumption of calcium and vitamin D and the treatment of medical conditions (e.g., poorly controlled diabetes, stress, and osteopenia). Recently, obesity and low levels of physical activity were also classified as risk factors for periodontitis [ 18 ]. Among the innovative approaches for treating inflammatory conditions is also Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy which has been recently introduced and investigated for this clinical scenario with promising results [ 19 ].…”