The Effect of Amniotic Fluid Changes in Late Pregnancy on Maternal And Fetus Outcomes

Abstract

The amniotic sac contains a protective liquid known as amniotic fluid. Two different types of amniotic fluid changes have been identified. The first is oligohydramnios, and the second is polyhydramnios. This study aimed to examine the effect of amniotic fluid changes on pregnancy outcomes and the fetus. A cross-sectional study was conducted by simple random sampling for, Four hundred fifty women from November 1st, 2021, until February28th 2022, in Duhok hospital for Obstetrics and Gynecology. The study revealed that the greatest rates of polyhydramnios were associated with gestational hypertension (22.7%) and gestational diabetes (19.3%). The most prevalent mode of delivery in all groups was cesarean section. Hypoglycemia had the greats incidence in polyhydramnios at (11.3%). There was a statistically significant association between amniotic fluid volume and baby gender, with males being more prevalent in oligohydramnios (58.7%) and polyhydramnios (57.3%) compared to normal amniotic fluid volume. Moreover, polyhydramnios had more effects on maternal and baby poor outcomes than oligohydramnios. Thyroid disease, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension were the most common types of chronic illnesses in polyhydramnios group compared with oligohydramnios group and normal amniotic fluid group. Apgar score, birth weight, congenital anomalies, hypoglycemia, asphyxia, and respiratory distress syndrome were statistically significant with oligohydramnios, polyhydramnios and normal amniotic fluid volum