The effect of alkyl substitution position of thienyl outer side chains on photovoltaic performance of A–DA′D–A type acceptors

Kong, Xiaolei; Zhu, Can; Zhang, Jinyuan; Meng, Lei; Qin, Shucheng; Zhang, Jianqi; Li, Jing; Wei, Zhixiang; Li, Yongfang

doi:10.1039/d2ee00430e

Cited by 93 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…18 ). The lower T g of BTP-H and BTP-Br suggests a higher diffusion coefficient according to the Ade-O’Connor-Ghasemi stability framework 36 . This is further confirmed from grazing incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS) of neat acceptors.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Importance of structural hinderance in performance–stability equilibrium of organic photovoltaics

Fan

Gao

et al. 2022

Nat Commun

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Power conversion efficiency and long-term stability are two critical metrics for evaluating the commercial potential of organic photovoltaics. Although the field has witnessed a rapid progress of efficiency towards 19%, the intrinsic trade-off between efficiency and stability is still a challenging issue for bulk-heterojunction cells due to the very delicate crystallization dynamics of organic species. Herein, we developed a class of non-fullerene acceptors with varied side groups as an alternative to aliphatic chains. Among them, the acceptors with conjugated side groups show larger side-group torsion and more twisted backbone, however, they can deliver an efficiency as high as 18.3% in xylene-processed cells, which is among the highest values reported for non-halogenated solvent processed cells. Meanwhile, decent thermal/photo stability is realized for these acceptors containing conjugated side groups. Through the investigation of the geometry–performance–stability relationship, we highlight the importance of side-group steric hinderance of acceptors in achieving combined high-performance, stable, and eco-friendly organic photovoltaics.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Importance of structural hinderance in performance–stability equilibrium of organic photovoltaics

Fan

Gao

et al. 2022

Nat Commun

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“…Side-chain engineering has received wide attention for designing high-performance FREAs to match well their electronic energy levels with donor and aggregation behaviors. [101][102][103] Most efforts were committed to the regulation of the alkyl-chain length, shape and branching position of FREAs. [104][105][106] The chemical structures and photovoltaic parameters were summarized in Figure 7 and Table 3.…”

Section: The Asymmetric Side Chains-based Freasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress of Y6‐Derived Asymmetric Fused Ring Electron Acceptors

Zhang

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

131

102

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Symmetric conjugated molecules can be broken through suitable synthetic strategies to construct novel asymmetric molecules, which can largely broaden the material library. In the field of organic solar cells, fused‐ring electron acceptors (FREAs) with the A‐DA'D‐A type backbone structure have attracted much attention and enabled power conversion efficiencies (PCE) exceeding 18%. Among them, Y6 is one of the most classic FREAs that can derive many symmetric and asymmetric molecules and exhibit unique optoelectronic properties. Thus, in this review, the focus is on the recent progress of Y6‐derived asymmetric FREAs containing a dipyrrolobenzothiadiazole segment, which can be classified as the following three categories: asymmetric end group, asymmetric central core and asymmetric side chain. The relationship of the molecular structure, optoelectronic properties, and device performance is discussed in detail. Finally, the future design directions and challenges faced by this kind of photovoltaic materials are given.

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“…Solar energy, a type of clean and sustainable energy, has become one of the most promising alternatives to fossil energy because of its ubiquity and abundance on Earth. In the utilization of solar energy resources, organic solar cells (OSCs) have received extensive attention due to their superior solution processability, light weight, and flexibility, and remarkable progress in power conversion efficiency (PCE) has been achieved in recent years. − The rapid development of OSCs mainly benefits from the emergence of novel active-layer and interface materials and device engineering. − It is worth mentioning that, in 2019, an emerging non-fullerene acceptor (NFA), namely Y6, featuring a structure of A′-DAD-A′, delivered a milestone PCE of 15.7% when paired with the polymer PM6, which opened a new avenue to design new A-DA′D-A-type NFAs. So far, the state-of-the-art single-junction OSCs based on the Y-series NFAs have exceeded 19% PCE. ,, …”

Section: Synthesis and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modification on the Quinoxaline Unit to Achieve High Open-Circuit Voltage and Morphology Optimization for Organic Solar Cells

Chen

Guo

et al. 2022

ACS Energy Lett.

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Core engineering plays a vital role in the construction of efficient non-fullerene acceptors. Here, we synthesized a molecule named QX, based on the core of quinoxaline, and by replacing the H atoms with 2-ethylhexyl, 2-(ethylhexyl)thiophene, and 2-(2-ethylhexyl)-3-fluorothiophene groups, we obtained other three non-fullerene acceptors, named QX-EH, QX-TH, and QX-THF, respectively. Compared with QX, the introduction of substitution groups ameliorated the molecular solubility, and their lowest unoccupied molecular orbital levels were elevated. Also, the introduction of a thiophene ring in QX-TH and QX-THF enhanced their miscibility with PM6 compared to QX-EH. Furthermore, the introduction of a fluorine atom in QX-THF greatly optimized the blend morphology, leading to efficient charge transport, less bimolecular recombination, and suitable nanophase aggregation in devices. Eventually, PM6:QX-THF-based devices exhibited an impressive power conversion efficiency of 17.45% with a fill factor of 78.99%. This work reveals that modification on the quinoxaline core is effective in tuning the morphology and open-circuit voltage for high-efficiency organic photovoltaics.

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The effect of alkyl substitution position of thienyl outer side chains on photovoltaic performance of A–DA′D–A type acceptors

Abstract: Side chain configuration has shown significant influence on the intermolecular interaction and aggregation morphology of the organic small molecule acceptors (SMAs). In this work, we designed and synthesized two isomeric...

Cited by 93 publications

References 49 publications

Importance of structural hinderance in performance–stability equilibrium of organic photovoltaics

Importance of structural hinderance in performance–stability equilibrium of organic photovoltaics

Recent Progress of Y6‐Derived Asymmetric Fused Ring Electron Acceptors

Modification on the Quinoxaline Unit to Achieve High Open-Circuit Voltage and Morphology Optimization for Organic Solar Cells

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