The Effect of Alcohol on the Renal Excretion of Water and Electrolyte 1

Strauss, Maurice B.; Rosenbaum, Jack D.; Nelson, William P.

doi:10.1172/jci102336

Cited by 93 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Prior administration of hypertonic saline, with a , consequent increase in the effective osmotic pressure of f extracellular fluid, presumably induced the release of increased amounts of ADH from the posterior pituitary (4). Since alcohol affects neither exogenous ADH nor '0 the ability of the tubules to respond to this hormone (5) an excess of circulation ADH probably masked the inm hibitory effect of alcohol upon the supraopticohypophyseal 0 system in these experiments. Figure 3A).…”

Section: Materials Methods and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Studies on Alcohol Diuresis. Ii. The Evaluation of Ethyl Alcohol as an Inhibitor of the Neurohypophysis 12

Rubini¹,

Lamdin²,

Epstein³

1955

J. Clin. Invest.

130

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Section: Materials Methods and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Studies on Alcohol Diuresis. Ii. The Evaluation of Ethyl Alcohol as an Inhibitor of the Neurohypophysis 12

Rubini¹,

Lamdin²,

Epstein³

1955

J. Clin. Invest.

130

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“…Urine specific gravity was determined with a Westphal balance; chloride by the VolhardHarvey method (26); sodium and potassium by the same 2 The unforunate lack of a truly basal or steady state for the study of water and electrolyte excretion in man has been previously discussed (17 changes in plasma volume are given in Table II. The rate of urine flow together with the value extracellular water as well as below that of the inapproximating the total electrolyte concentration, fusion fluid.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These are hypnotic suggestion (1), alcohol administration (16)(17)(18), and exposure to cold (19). 1 Reviewed in the Veterans Administration and published with the approval of the Chief Medical Director.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“Water Diuresis” Produced During Recumbency by the Intravenous Infusion of Isotonic Saline Solution 1

Strauss¹,

Davis²,

Rosenbaum³

et al. 1951

J. Clin. Invest.

Self Cite

240

142

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Control of renal excretion of water in man is largely vested in the supra-optico-hypophyseal system. When the tonicity of the blood plasma and extracellular fluid rises, an increased secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) leads to the conservation of water inasmuch as urinary solutes are excreted with a minimum of water. Conversely, when tonicity falls, a diminution of ADH output permits the excretion of a large volume of dilute urine. In both instances homeostasis is served.Many stimuli, in addition to hypertonicity, increase ADH production, including certain anaesthetic (1) and narcotic drugs (2), barbiturates (3), smoking (4, 5) and nicotine (6, 7), acetylcholine (8), exercise (9), emotion (9), syncope ( 10), pain ( 11 ) and conditioned reflexes ( 11 ), as well as the direct electrical (12) or acetylcholine (13) stimulation of nerve cells and fibers connected with the pars nervosa of the pituitary gland. Removal of amounts of blood insufficient to alter blood pressure significantly may nevertheless lead to increased ADH activity (9). There is also suggestive evidence that there may at times be increased ADH activity in patients with cirrhosis of the liver (14,15).In contrast to the many factors which may lead to increased antidiuretic activity few other than destructive lesions involving the supra-optico-hypophyseal system and hypotonicity of the plasma and extracellular fluid have been reported to cause a decline in ADH activity. These are hypnotic suggestion (1), alcohol administration (16-18), and exposure to cold (19).1 Reviewed in the Veterans Administration and published with the approval of the Chief Medical Director. The statements and conclusions published by the authors are the result of their own study and do not necessarily reflect the opinion or policy of the Veterans Administration.It is the purpose of this communication to present evidence that a rather rapid isotonic expansion of extracellular fluid volume (or some factor associated with such a volume increase) leads to a water diuresis of the type which follows diminished ADH activity. METHODSThe subjects were three essentially healthy male adults hospitalized for the investigation of minor symptoms for which no organic cause was found and which cleared rapidly. Without previous preparation2 they came to the laboratory one to two hours after breakfast, voided, and began the timed collection of urine specimens. When it became apparent that the flow of urine was diminishing, blood was collected without stasis from an antecubital vein after the arm had been immersed in hot water for five minutes to arterialize the blood (20), following which 3,000 ml. of 0.9 per cent solution of sodium chloride in water (Sp. Gr. 1.005 at 15°C.) was infused intravenously at a constant rate of 25 ml./min., the entire infusion requiring two hours. A blood sample was collected from the opposite arm immediately upon the completion of the infusion, and a third at a subsequent time. Urine was voided at intervals during and after the infusion, the subject standing for ...

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“…However, hypomagnesaemia and hypocalcaemia, both of which are present in the chronic alcoholic, predispose to hypophosphataemia. Also, repeated episodes of ketoacidosis occurring as a direct consequence of an inadequate diet may lead to damage of intracellular components and phosphate loss similar to that seen in diabetic ketoacidosis [41][42][43][44].…”

Section: Loss Of Phosphate From the Bodymentioning

confidence: 99%

HypophosphataemiaPathophysiology, effects and management on the intensive care unit

1998

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SummaryRoutine detection and treatment of hypophosphataemia on the intensive care unit is commonplace. Hypophosphataemia has been associated with a multitude of clinical effects and there are many associations between correction of hypophosphataemia and improvement in symptoms. However, there is no evidence at present to support the routine correction of hypophosphataemia in the absence of clinical symptoms or signs.

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The Effect of Alcohol on the Renal Excretion of Water and Electrolyte 1

Cited by 93 publications

References 8 publications

Studies on Alcohol Diuresis. Ii. The Evaluation of Ethyl Alcohol as an Inhibitor of the Neurohypophysis 12

Studies on Alcohol Diuresis. Ii. The Evaluation of Ethyl Alcohol as an Inhibitor of the Neurohypophysis 12

“Water Diuresis” Produced During Recumbency by the Intravenous Infusion of Isotonic Saline Solution 1

HypophosphataemiaPathophysiology, effects and management on the intensive care unit

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