The effect of agriculture on topsoil carbon stocks is controlled by land use, climate, and soil properties in the Argentinean Pampas

Wyngaard, Nicolás; Crespo, Cecilia; Angelini, Hernán Pablo; Eyherabide, Mercedes; Larrea, Gastón; Calvo, Nahuel Reussi; Carciochi, Walter D.; Rozas, Hernán Saínz

doi:10.1016/j.catena.2022.106126

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…That is, the grasslands with higher SOC stocks suffered greater losses when converted to agricultural lands. This pattern is similar to that found in the Argentine Pampas, where the initial SOC stock in pristine soils was found to be the main environmental factor determining carbon losses when the grasslands were converted to croplands [33]. This relationship is important because it would allow us to predict the impact of future land-use change on SOC stocks and identify land-use planning strategies that minimize soil C emissions.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Similarly, a study conducted in Ethiopia showed that agriculture led to a 69% decrease in SOC reserves compared to that of grasslands at the surface soil layer (0-10 cm) [35]. In the Argentine Pampas, the replacement of native grassland with annual crops reduced the SOC in the first 20 cm of the soil by 25-35% [33]. In general, many studies and meta-analyses show a 30-80% decrease in SOC when grasslands are converted to croplands [36,37].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Changes in the Soil Organic Carbon of Grasslands in the High Andes of Peru after Their Conversion to Croplands and Their Environmental Controls

Medina Quispe,

Arizapana-Almonacid,

Nosetto

2024

Grasses

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The high-Andean grasslands of Peru provide a wide range of goods and services, not only locally, but also regionally and globally. However, land-use change and global warming are threatening these ecosystems, of which soil organic carbon (SOC) is a key element affecting their sustainability. In this study, we have analyzed the variation of SOC stocks to a depth of 20 cm in 16 paired cropland and grassland sites located in the Sullccapallcca stream micro-watershed (elevation > 3600 m.a.s.l., Ayacucho, Peru). We have also analyzed the environmental controls on the SOC stocks and their variation with land-use change. We found that the studied high-Andean grasslands store high SOC contents (247 Tn SOC ha−1), whose spatial variability was partially explained by the slope of the terrain (r2 = 0.26, p < 0.05). Despite the higher NDVI, the conversion of these grasslands into croplands decreased the SOC stock by 39 Tn SOC ha−1 on average, a decrease that was more pronounced when the initial SOC content of the grassland was higher (r2 = 0.60, p < 0.05). This study provides the first evidence of the effects of land-use change on the SOC in the region, although the mechanisms involved still need to be investigated.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Changes in the Soil Organic Carbon of Grasslands in the High Andes of Peru after Their Conversion to Croplands and Their Environmental Controls

Medina Quispe,

Arizapana-Almonacid,

Nosetto

2024

Grasses

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“…As was mentioned, the new barley varieties are characterized by high GY, and due to the dilution effect, grain N concentration decreased (Abeledo et al., 2008; Bingham et al., 2012). Moreover, soil OM contents in agricultural soils have been reduced in the last 50 yr, and consequently, N mineralization also did (Calvo et al., 2020; Wyngaard et al., 2022). Therefore, further research is needed to assess possible interactions between barley cultivars and N fertilization rates on GY, GP, and GS, with the final goal of selecting cultivars with suitable yields and grain quality parameters.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the previous studies (Magliano et al., 2014; Prystupa et al., 2018) were conducted 10 yr ago using varieties different from those used here. Thus, differences in GY and maximum N responses could be explained, among other things, by: (a) greater yield potential of the new varieties (Abeledo et al., 2008; Bingham et al., 2012), which increases the N demand by 28 kg N per Mg GY increment (Soper et al., 1971); and (b) negative soil organic carbon balances in the studied region, which reduced the N contribution from OM mineralization (Diovisalvi et al., 2018; Wyngaard et al., 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic optimum nitrogen rate analysis for feed and malting barley

et al. 2022

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The malt industry has specific requirements for malting barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) grain protein concentration (from 9.5 to 13%) and size (>85%), which could be affected by nitrogen (N) fertilization. We aimed to (a) define and explain the economic optimum nitrogen rate (EONR) for grain yield in feed (EONRf) and malting barley (EONRm), and (b) analyze if grain quality requirements are reached at the EONRm. We evaluated six N rates (0, 40, 80, 120, 160, and 200 kg N ha −1 ) in field experiments (14 site-years). At each site-year, the EONR was calculated using two fertilizer cost to grain price ratios, 6:1 for feed and 4:1 for malting barley. On average, maximum yield and protein response to N were 1,681 kg ha −1 and 2%, respectively. There was no consistent effect of N fertilization on grain size. The EONRf was explained by N availability and maximum yield response to N (y = 130 -0.37N availability + 0.03N response, r 2 = .89), and EONRm was explained solely by N availability (y = 320 -0.93N availability, r 2 = .75). The overall EONRm was 134 kg N ha −1 . At sites with low soil N availability and high yield response to N, an average N rate of 69 kg ha −1 greater than the EONRm was necessary to reach 9.5% protein.Otherwise, the EONRf could be used (106 kg N ha −1 ) and grains be sold as feed barley. These results are useful to adjust N fertilizer recommendations to satisfy the malting industry demand while reducing the economic and environmental impacts of fertilization.Abbreviations: dEONRf, differential from the economic optimum N rate for feed barley; dEONRm, differential from the economic optimum N rate for malting barley; EONR, economic optimum N rate; EONRm, economic optimum N rate conditioned to malting quality requirements; GP, grain protein; GS, grain size; GY, grain yield; Nan, nitrogen mineralized in short-term anaerobic incubation; OM, organic matter.

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“…(L.) Merr.) (Lavado and Taboada, 2009;Wyngaard et al, 2022). In the last 20 years, winter CCs have been slowly adopted by farmers as a possible tool for improving soil quality (Rimski-Korsakov et al, 2015;Alvarez et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catch crops in the Argentinean Pampas: a synthesis-analysis on nutrient characteristics and their implications for a sustainable agriculture

Cafaro La Menza,

Carciochi

2023

Front. Agron.

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Catch crops (CCs) are crops that grow between two cash crops, accumulating nutrients in their biomass and later releasing them through the decomposition of their residues. To our knowledge, no study has compared the nutrient-related traits of different CCs species. This comparison is essential for understanding the possible roles of CCs in agroecosystems and for optimizing adjustments of fertilizer rates. This study aims to: i) synthesize characteristics of the CCs, such as aboveground dry matter accumulation, nutrient [carbon (C), nitrogen (N), sulfur (S), and phosphorus (P)] concentration and accumulation, and C:nutrient ratios, ii) explore factors defining the mentioned characteristics, and iii) discuss their implications on the ecosystem services provided. By analyzing data from 52 studies, (98 site-years) in the Argentinean Pampas, we observed that grasses (excluding ryegrass) accumulated the greatest aboveground dry matter (6.08 ± 0.22 t ha-1, mean ± SE) and C (2.60 ± 0.13 t ha-1), making them suitable for protecting the soil surface from erosion, suppressing weeds, and improving C balances. Conversely, vetch accumulated the highest nutrient content (118 ± 5.3, 15 ± 1.5, and 14 ± 1.2 kg ha-1 for N, S, and P, respectively) with the lowest C:nutrient ratio (means of 15:1, 152:1, and 147:1 for N, S, and P, respectively), making it a suitable choice for recycling nutrients and providing extra N. Mixtures presented intermediate characteristics between the monocultures, allowing a balanced provision of the mentioned ecosystem services. Furthermore, the results showed that dry matter accumulation affected the nutrient-related traits analyzed, and it was related to different factors, such as CCs sowing and termination dates or precipitation. The analysis highlights the importance of selecting CCs species based on the desired ecosystem service and provides valuable information for producers as well as for modeling C balances and nutrient cycling.

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The effect of agriculture on topsoil carbon stocks is controlled by land use, climate, and soil properties in the Argentinean Pampas

Cited by 8 publications

References 67 publications

Changes in the Soil Organic Carbon of Grasslands in the High Andes of Peru after Their Conversion to Croplands and Their Environmental Controls

Changes in the Soil Organic Carbon of Grasslands in the High Andes of Peru after Their Conversion to Croplands and Their Environmental Controls

Economic optimum nitrogen rate analysis for feed and malting barley

Catch crops in the Argentinean Pampas: a synthesis-analysis on nutrient characteristics and their implications for a sustainable agriculture

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