The effect of age and pentobarbitone tolerance on pentobarbitone depression of calcium-45 uptake by mouse brain synaptosomes

Jones, T.W.G.; Beaney, John

doi:10.1016/0047-6374(80)90012-3

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…A functional tolerance toward the pharmacological action of the barbiturates is produced by repeated dosage (8). This is not dependent on enhanced removal by increased metabolism but follows from adaptation in the brain membranes (9)(10)(11).…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Side effects of phenobarbital and phenytoin during long-term treatment of epilepsy

Livanainen

Savolainen

1983

Acta Neurologica Scandinavica

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A B S T R A C T Phenobarbital and phenytoin have good antiepileptic effect, but clinically significant untoward effects occur during their long-term use. Phenobarbital may cause hyperactivity, behavioral problems, sedation, and even dementia; these effects are dose related to some extent. Side effects of phenytoin include sedation, a cerebellar syndrome, phenytoin encephalopathy, psychosis, locomotor dysfunction, hyperkinesia, megaloblastic anemia, decreased serum folate level, decreased bone mineral content, liver disease, IgA deficiency, gingival hyperplasia, and a lupus-like hypersensitivity syndrome. Especially susceptible to the neurotoxic effects of phenytoin are epileptic children with severe brain damage who are on multiple drugs. In those children, balance disturbance may develop and be followed by gradual loss of locomotion. Among 131 mentally retarded epileptic patients, phenytoin intoxication occurred in 73 (56 YG), of whom 18 experienced persistent loss of locomotion. There is experimental evidence that the toxic action of phenytoin lies at the cellular level, predominantly in the cerebellum. Many experts avoid the long-term use of phenytoin because of its insidious and potentially dangerous side effects. Phenobarbital (PB) and phenytoin (PHT) are classic antiepileptic drugs, but insidous and severe untoward effects have been associated with their use. These effects may include impaired mental capacity, disturbed body balance, and even loss of locomotion, which may jeopardize the effective control of epileptic seizures. Therefore, physicians are confused as to whether these drugs should be used at all; if so, then they want to know how the drug therapy should be arranged. This report surveys the clinical neurotoxicity and other side effects of PB and PHT during long-term treatment of epilepsy, including their possible mechanisms and significance in clinical practice, and offers quidelines for the management of affected patients.

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Section: Mechanisms Of Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Side effects of phenobarbital and phenytoin during long-term treatment of epilepsy

Livanainen

Savolainen

1983

Acta Neurologica Scandinavica

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“…1982;Pelikofer & Sandhof 1980;Rosenberg et a/. 1977), and barbiturates depressing calcium flux (Elrod & Leslie 1980;Jones & Beaney 1980) while it is enhanced by ethanol (Friedmann et al 1979).…”

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confidence: 99%

Calcium Uptake in Rat Brain Synaptosomes after Short‐term Exposure to Organic Solvents: A Pilot Study

Edelfors

Ravn-Jonsen

1985

Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica

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Interactions of Calcium Homeostasis, Acetylcholine Metabolism, Behavior and 3,4-Diaminopyridine during Aging

Gibson

Peterson

1986

Advances in Behavioral Biology

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The effect of age and pentobarbitone tolerance on pentobarbitone depression of calcium-45 uptake by mouse brain synaptosomes

Cited by 10 publications

References 18 publications

Side effects of phenobarbital and phenytoin during long-term treatment of epilepsy

Side effects of phenobarbital and phenytoin during long-term treatment of epilepsy

Calcium Uptake in Rat Brain Synaptosomes after Short‐term Exposure to Organic Solvents: A Pilot Study

Interactions of Calcium Homeostasis, Acetylcholine Metabolism, Behavior and 3,4-Diaminopyridine during Aging

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