The effect of additives on the aerosolization of JP-5 jet fuel

Critical Evaluation of Rotary Atomizer

“…The objective for designing and constructing our rotary atomizer is for the future application of generating and evaluating combustible liquid aerosol (Little et al, 1983a(Little et al, , 1983b(Little et al, , 1991Romans and Little, 1983). that finer aerosols are generated at greater disk speeds and thus combustible liquid aerosols should have greater flammability characteristics under these operating conditions.…”

The Construction of an Improved Automated Atomizer for Evaluating Jet Fuel Flammability

“…This location minimizes interferences associated with any mist, fire, or smoke generated during the experiments. The type and location of the aerosol ignition source will be similar to that used by Little and coworkers (Little et al, 1983a;Little et al, 1983b).…”

“…Previous research has demonstrated that increasing the disk speed produces smaller aerosol droplets (Little et al, 1983a). Thus, the mist flammability characteristics of the fuel will be measured as a function of disk speed and fuel additive concentration.…”

“…The two most significant programs the FAA sponsored were the "gelled fuel program" (Aviation Fuels with Improved Fire Safety, 1997) and the antimisting kerosene program (AMK) (Aviation Fuels with Improved Fire Safety, 1997;Mannheimer, 1979Mannheimer, , 1981Mannheimer, , 1985aMannheimer, , 1985b. In concurrence with the FAA's programs, other organizations such as Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) (Little et al, 1983a;Little et al, 1983b), Exxon Research & Engineering Co. (Duvdevani et al, 1985a;Duvdevani et al, 1985b), Imperial Chemical Industries Limited (Brooks and Waite, 1981), and the British government (Knight, 1983) began their own investigation into similar type agents. The fuel additives tested in all of these programs were primarily composed of high molecular weight polymers that subsequently had to be destroyed before the fuel reached the jet engine so that sufficient combustion could be achieved.…”

“…The most commonly found atomizers in industrial settings are pressure, rotary, and twin-fluid atomizers, which produce flat or conical spray patterns depending on the application (Lefebvre, 1988). We have designed an instrument that contains a rotary atomizer, modeled after those used by Mannheimer and Little (Mannheimer, 1979(Mannheimer, , 1981(Mannheimer, , 1985a(Mannheimer, , 1985bLittle et al, 1983aLittle et al, , 1983b. This particular type of atomizer allows the drop sizes of the fuel formed in the flat spray pattern to be easily controlled by the rotational speed of the atomizer, and its design allows droplet linear velocities associated with aircraft landing in crash situations to be reached.…”