The Effect of a Marketing Order on Winter Carrot Prices

Shafer, Carl E.

doi:10.2307/1237625

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

(1 reference statement)

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“…Her conclusions depend on the way quality standards are defined. According to Bockstael, if standards are based on product charac- 45 Other relevant work on this subject includes a theoretical study of Price (1967) and an empirical study of Shafer (1968). These studies suffer from the limitation that minimum quality standards have not been explicitly integrated in the supply and demand analysis (Bockstael 1984).…”

Section: Minimum-quality Standardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Product Quality: An Investigation into the Concept and How It Is Perceived by Consumers

Sujan¹,

Steenkamp²

1991

Journal of Marketing

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Conclusions 236Part IV Summary and Conclusions 239 Summary and Conclusions 241References 251 Subject index 272Samenvatting 274Curriculum Vitae 281 XI INTRODUCTIONThe issue of product quality has come to the forefront in Europe and the United States. The strategic importance of product quality is acknowledged at the macro level as well as at the micro level in Western societies. At the macro level, product quality has been identified as a key variable in determining 'national' competitiveness (i.e., competitiveness of a nation as a whole, as distinct from the competitiveness of individual firms). To mention a few examples, Naisbitt (1982) in his book Megatrends attributes the decline of American competitiveness to high quality of foreign products and the relative lack of emphasis on quality by U.S. firms and managers. Naisbitt's opinion is shared by scholars such as Leonard and Sasser (1982), Garvin (1983Garvin ( ,1984b, and Takeuchi and Quelch (1983), and by many business people and politicians (Harvard Business Review 1987). Kennedy (1987) in his bookThe Rise and Fall of the Great Powers identifies the strong commitment to quality as one of the major causes of the 'Japanese miracle'. He predicts that the economic power of Japan will increase further in the next decades, and expects that high product quality will continue to be a major underlying cause of this trend. The competitive strength of the Federal Republic of Germany has also been traced to the quality of its products (Limprecht and Hayes 1982). A recent report of the Dutch Scientific Council on Government Policy has identified product quality as a key factor determining future growth in Dutch exports and GNP (WRR 1987). National quality programs have been developed in such countries as the USA, Belgium, the Netherlands, Sweden, United Kingdom, and France. At the micro level, product quality has been identified as an important variable for consumers as well as producers. It has been argued that the search for quality is the most important consumer trend of the 1980s (Rabin 1983). Consumers are now demanding higher quality than ever before , and are willing to pay more for better products (Sloan et al. 1984, Folkers 1986, Steenkamp and Van Trijp 1989a).In line with the importance consumers attach to product quality, managers today accord quality its place on the list of paramount strategic issues. In many markets, quality competition has supplanted price competition. Regardless of type of industry, size of the company, and type of manufacturing process, quality has become an essential element of competitive strategy (Wolff 1986).Companies are increasingly making adjustments in product designs, manufacturing processes, and marketing strategies to improve product quality. Frequently, improving quality may even determine whether a company survives in the marketplace. Porter (1980) posits that superior quality is an effective product differentiation strategy to create customer loyalty, to lower price elasticity, and to present 1 barriers to competition. Pe...

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Section: Minimum-quality Standardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Product Quality: An Investigation into the Concept and How It Is Perceived by Consumers

Sujan¹,

Steenkamp²

1991

Journal of Marketing

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“…Ninety-one percent of the variation in Texas carrot prices was explained by the quantity, temp, and rainfall variables plus a shift or indicator variable for the 1966 season. The estimated coefficients indicated that the price of Texas 48-1's mesh declined 62 cents if Texas shipments increased by 100 carlots and by $1.42 if California shipments increased by 100 carlots; that each inch of rain in the Lower Rio Grande Valley, Texas in September raised price by 20 cents; that a one-degree rise in the avg high temp in week t-1 lowered price by 4 cents and in week t-2 by 3 cents; and that temporary conditions, perhaps the market order (8), raised prices by 85 cents in the winter of 1966 above the winters of 1967 and 1968. Los Angeles prices of 50-lb.…”

Section: San F R a N C I S C Omentioning

confidence: 99%

The Marketing System for Fresh Winter Vegetables—Prices and Performance1

Bohall

1971

J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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Pricing performance in the marketing systems for lettuce, carrots and tomatoes was found to be generally consistent with models based on the competitive model in space, time, and form. Weekly prices at various f.o.b. shipping points and 12 selected wholesale terminal markets moved together throughout the winter seasons of 1966-68. Gross margins (the difference between shipping point and wholesale terminal market prices) were related to distance, the perishability of the vegetable, and the wholesale terminal market price. At shipping point, weekly prices of vegetables were functions of the quantity available. In addition, temp and rainfall variables as proxies for disease and size were significantly related to prices as was the quantity of vegetables marketed during the previous 2 weeks. The analysis indicated adjustments in institutions and market information systems may be needed. Results with tomatoes were less satisfactory than with lettuce and carrots because of the complexity of the tomato market in the form dimensions.

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“…In the November 1968 issue of this Journal, Professor Carl E. Shafter [1] examined the effect of a marketing order on winter carrot prices. We wish to suggest that there are some logical inconsistencies in his paper that appear to arise out of improper specifi-We are indebted to G. Edward Schuh for encouragement and helpful comcomments.…”

Section: The Effect Of a Marketing Order On Winter Carrot Prices: Commentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 Mr. Abaelu is unable to comment because of conditions prevailing in the Biafran section of Nigeria. and myself.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%