The effect of a low carbohydrate energy-unrestricted diet on weight loss in obese type 2 diabetes patients – A randomized controlled trial

Goldstein, Tori; Kark, Jeremy D.; Berry, Elliot M.; Adler, Bella; Ziv, Ehud; Raz, Itamar

doi:10.1016/j.eclnm.2011.04.003

Cited by 50 publications

(140 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Eight trials provided sufficient information concerning the proceedings of allocation concealment and they were rated as low risk. As expected, few studies blinded study participants and personnel to the dietary interventions, with the exception of one trial, and were thus rated as unclear risk of bias. Five studies reported blinding of outcome assessors .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Out of 1589 studies identified through database searches and cross reference list matching, 23 studies were included in the review (Figure ). The main reasons for exclusion were diet intervention not being low‐carbohydrate; duration of intervention being less than 3 months; study sample consisting of individuals without type 2 diabetes and studies using a non‐randomized and/ or non‐controlled trial design (Table S2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A summary of findings from the included studies is presented in Table . Twelve studies reported having included individuals who were either overweight or obese . Physical activity was not specifically addressed in any of the studies, but several trials promoted general recommendations for physical activity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The recommended amount of dietary carbohydrates in the low‐carbohydrate interventions ranged from 5% to 40% of the total energy intake. Among the 17 studies that assessed actual intake of carbohydrates throughout the study period, all but one found that the difference in carbohydrate intake was statistically significant between the LCD‐group and the comparator . In six of the low‐carbohydrate interventions, and in ten of the comparator diets, it was intended that participants consumed energy‐restricted diets that ranged from approximately 5000 kJ (1200 kcal) to 7500 KJ (1800 kcal) per day.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mean duration of diabetes among participants varied from 1 year to over 17 years and the participants frequently used medications, including insulin therapy, anti‐hypertensive drugs, lipid lowering medications and oral hypoglycaemic agents such as metformin, sulfonylurea and thiazolidinedione . Dietary advice was provided by health professionals such as dietitians, nutritionists, diet counsellors, physicians and nurses and involved both individual meetings and group sessions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Carbohydrate quantity in the dietary management of type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Korsmo-Haugen

Brurberg

Mann

et al. 2018

Diabetes Obesity Metabolism

101

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show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Carbohydrate quantity in the dietary management of type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Korsmo-Haugen

Brurberg

Mann

et al. 2018

Diabetes Obesity Metabolism

101

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

The impact of ketogenic diet on some metabolic and non‐metabolic diseases: Evidence from human and animal model experiments

Galali,

Zebari,

Aj. Jabbar

et al. 2024

Food Science & Nutrition

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The ketogenic diet (KD) is recognized as minimum carbohydrate and maximum fat intakes, which leads to ketosis stimulation, a state that is thought to metabolize fat more than carbohydrates for energy supply. KD has gained more interest in recent years and is for many purposes, including weight loss and managing serious diseases like type 2 diabetes. On the other hand, many believe that KD has safety issues and are uncertain about the health drawbacks. Thus, the outcomes of the effect of KD on metabolic and non‐metabolic disease remain disputable. The current narrative review aims to evaluate the effect of KD on several diseases concerning the human health. To our best knowledge, the first report aims to investigate the efficacy of KD on multiple human health issues including type 2 diabetes and weight loss, cardiovascular disease, kidney failure and hypertension, non‐alcoholic fatty liver, mental problem, oral health, libido, and osteoporosis. The literature searches were performed in Databases, PubMed, Scopus, and web of Science looking for both animal and human model designs. The results heterogeneity seems to be explained by differences in diet composition and duration. Also, the available findings may show that proper control of carbohydrates, a significant reduction in glycemic control and glycated hemoglobin, and weight loss by KD can be an approach to improve diabetes and obesity, hypertension, non‐alcoholic fatty liver, PCOS, libido, oral health, and mental problem if isocaloric is considered. However, for some other diseases like cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis, more robust data are needed. Therefore, there is robust data to support the notion that KD can be effective for some metabolic and non‐metabolic diseases but not for all of them. So they have to be followed cautiously and under the supervision of health professionals.

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The effect of weight loss interventions for obesity on fertility and pregnancy outcomes: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Boyle

Ablett

Ochi

et al. 2022

Intl J Gynecology & Obste

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Background: Weight loss could improve fertility, perhaps by reducing insulin resistance.Objectives: To assess the effect of weight loss interventions on fertility in women with obesity not recruited because of known infertility.Search Strategy: Three databases during 1966-2020, trial registry.Selection Criteria: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with a follow-up of 1 year or more, with a mean cohort BMI of 30 kg/m 2 or above. Data Collection and Analysis:A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted.The primary outcome was pregnancy. The secondary outcome was weight change.Main Results: A total of 27 RCTs (5938 women) were included. Weight loss interventions showed no statistically significant increase in pregnancies compared to control interventions (24 trials, 97 women with pregnancy; risk ratio [RR] 1.43, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.91-2.23); weight change (mean difference [MD] −2.36 kg, 21 trials, 95% CI −3.17 to −1.55). Compared with low-fat diets, very-low-carbohydrate diets showed no statistically significant effect on women with pregnancy (three trials, 14 women with pregnancy; RR 1.37, 95% CI 0.49-3.84) or weight change (MD −0.32 kg, 95% CI −3.84 to 3.21). Conclusions: Diet-based weight loss interventions for women with obesity not recruited because of infertility were effective at producing long-term weight loss. The effects on fertility were not statistically significant, but few trials provided data. Weight loss trials should routinely collect fertility outcomes. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42017078819.

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The effect of a low carbohydrate energy-unrestricted diet on weight loss in obese type 2 diabetes patients – A randomized controlled trial

Cited by 50 publications

References 21 publications

Carbohydrate quantity in the dietary management of type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Carbohydrate quantity in the dietary management of type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

The impact of ketogenic diet on some metabolic and non‐metabolic diseases: Evidence from human and animal model experiments

The effect of weight loss interventions for obesity on fertility and pregnancy outcomes: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

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