The effect of a floating mat on water waves

Peters, A. S.

doi:10.1002/cpa.3160030402

Cited by 101 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Massloading models only take into account the additional inertial effects originating from the presence of the ice and predict a reduction in the wavelength, but do not account for any damping (Peters, 1950). These models are insufficient when describing wave propagation in grease ice (Newyear and Martin, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurements of wave damping by a grease ice slick in Svalbard using off-the-shelf sensors and open-source electronics

et al. 2017

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ABSTRACT. Versatile instruments assembled from off-the-shelf sensors and open-source electronics are used to record wave propagation and damping measured by Inertial Motion Units (IMUs) in a grease ice slick near the shore in Adventfjorden, Svalbard. Viscous attenuation of waves due to the grease ice slick is clearly visible by comparing the IMU data recorded by the different instruments. The frequency dependent spatial damping of the waves is computed by comparing the power spectral density obtained from the different IMUs. We model wave attenuation using the one-layer model of Weber from 1987. The best-fit value for the effective viscosity is ν = (0.95 ± 0.05 × 10 −2 )m 2 s −1 , and the coefficient of determination is R 2 = 0.89. The mean absolute error and RMSE of the damping coefficient are 0.037 and 0.044m −1 , respectively. These results provide continued support for improving instrument design for recording wave propagation in ice-covered regions, which is necessary to this area of research as many authors have underlined the need for more field data.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurements of wave damping by a grease ice slick in Svalbard using off-the-shelf sensors and open-source electronics

et al. 2017

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“…Martin [1981] reports grease ice thicknesses of 0.1-0.3 m in the Bering Sea. Weitz and Keller [1950] and Peters [1950] give the first quantitative description of wave propagation through grease ice by treating the ice as a layer of noninteracting point masses. Using this mass-loading model, they each solve for the two-dimensional velocity potential in an inviscid fluid with mixed surface boundary conditions in which waves propagate from open water across a distinct ice edge into ice-covered water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of theory and laboratory measurements of wave propagation and attenuation in grease ice

Newyear¹,

Martin²

1997

J. Geophys. Res.

114

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Abstract. In an experimental study using a wave tank in a laboratory cold room we determine the dispersion relation and amplitude attenuation for surface waves propagating through different thicknesses of grease ice. We compare our results to two ice rheology models: the mass-loading model, which predicts a wavelength decrease relative to open water, and an infinite depth viscous fluid model, which predicts an increasing wavelength as the wave Reynolds number decreases. For a thick grease ice layer in which the waves are strongly damped we observe that the wavelength increases by up to 30% over its open water value in the frequency range of 1.0 Hz < f< 1.6 Hz. This trend agrees with the viscous model, and the agreement improves as the ice thickness increases and at higher wave frequencies where conditions approach those of the infinite depth approximation. The Reynolds number decreases approximately exponentially with frequency and is in the range 1 < R < 10 for our experimental conditions. From the model the inferred viscosity of grease ice is at least 4 orders of magnitude larger than the open water value and increases with frequency, suggesting that grease ice is non-Newtonian. For the observed parameter values our analysis shows that the mass-loading model of grease ice is inapplicable while a one-layer viscous model provides a better match to laboratory observations.

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“…This model was developed by Peters [16] and Weitz and Keller [17]. The ice floes are assumed to be mass points.…”

Section: Mass Loading Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In turn, the wave field is also significantly modified by the presence of ice covers. There are three classic models of wave propagation under an ice cover: mass loading [16,17], thin elastic plate [18][19][20][21], and the viscous layer model [22,23]. All these models can reflect some material properties of the sea ice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling ocean wave propagation under sea ice covers

2015

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Operational ocean wave models need to work globally, yet current ocean wave models can only treat icecovered regions crudely. The purpose of this paper is to provide a brief overview of ice effects on wave propagation and different research methodology used in studying these effects. Based on its proximity to land or sea, sea ice can be classified as: landfast ice zone, shear zone, and the marginal ice zone. All ice covers attenuate wave energy. Only long swells can penetrate deep into an ice cover. Being closest to open water, wave propagation in the marginal ice zone is the most complex to model. The physical appearance of sea ice in the marginal ice zone varies. Grease ice, pancake ice, brash ice, floe aggregates, and continuous ice sheet may be found in this zone at different times and locations. These types of ice are formed under different thermal-mechanical forcing. There are three classic models that describe wave propagation through an idealized ice cover: mass loading, thin elastic plate, and viscous layer models. From physical arguments we may conjecture that mass loading model is suitable for disjoint aggregates of ice floes much smaller than the wavelength, thin elastic plate model is suitable for a continuous ice sheet, and the viscous layer model is suitable for grease ice. For different sea ice types we may need different wave ice interaction models. A recently proposed viscoelastic model is able to synthesize all three classic models into one. Under suitable limiting conditions it converges to the three previous models. The complete theoretical framework for evaluating wave propagation through various ice covers need to be implemented in the operational ocean wave models. In this review, we introduce the sea ice types, previous wave ice interaction models, wave attenuation mechanisms, The project was supported by the US Office of Naval Research (N00014-13-1-0294). the methods to calculate wave reflection and transmission between different ice covers, and the effect of ice floe breaking on shaping the sea ice morphology. Laboratory experiments, field measurements and numerical simulations supporting the fundamental research in wave-ice interaction models are discussed. We conclude with some outlook of future research needs in this field.

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The effect of a floating mat on water waves

Cited by 101 publications

References 4 publications

Measurements of wave damping by a grease ice slick in Svalbard using off-the-shelf sensors and open-source electronics

Measurements of wave damping by a grease ice slick in Svalbard using off-the-shelf sensors and open-source electronics

A comparison of theory and laboratory measurements of wave propagation and attenuation in grease ice

Modeling ocean wave propagation under sea ice covers

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