The effect of a diet containing excess quickly degradable nitrogen (QDN) on reproductive and metabolic hormonal profiles of lactating dairy cows

Dawuda, P.M.; Scaramuzzi, R. J.; Drew, S.B.; Biggadike, H. J.; Laven, Richard; Allison, R.; Collins, C.F.; Wathes, D C

doi:10.1016/j.anireprosci.2003.09.008

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Alterations of uterine pH caused by elevated concentrations of urea [19,20] have been demonstrated to affect the viability of embryos [31-33]. This study investigated the relationship between serum concentrations of urea and uterine health.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlations between periparturient serum concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids, beta-hydroxybutyric acid, bilirubin, and urea and the occurrence of clinical and subclinical postpartum bovine endometritis

Kaufmann

Drillich²,

Tenhagen

et al. 2010

BMC Vet Res

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BackgroundPostpartum endometritis in cattle is a multifactorial disease with high economic impact. Both, clinical endometritis (CE) and subclinical endometritis (SCE) result in decreased reproductive performance. Results from in vitro studies led to the implication that non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), beta-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA), bilirubin, and urea could be used as predictors for endometritis in veterinary practice. In this field study, we set out to establish optimal predictor cut points of these metabolic parameters for the detection of CE and SCE. Serum samples were collected one week prior to parturition (wk -1), in the first week postpartum (wk +1) and between 28 and 35 days postpartum (wk +5) from 209 Holstein-Friesian cows. At wk +5, all cows were examined for signs of CE and SCE.ResultsHigher concentrations of urea at wk +1 were associated with increased odds of CE (OR = 1.7, P = 0.04) in primiparous (PP) cows. A predictor cut point of 3.9 mmol/L (sensitivity: 61%, specificity: 70%) was determined. In multiparous (MP) cows, the logistic regression model revealed that higher concentrations of NEFA at wk -1 were associated with increased odds of CE and SCE (healthy vs. CE: OR = 9.1, P = 0.05; healthy vs. SCE: OR = 12.1, P = 0.04). A predictor cut point of 0.3 mmol/L (sensitivity: 38%, specificity: 87% and sensitivity: 35%, specificity: 89%, respectively) was determined. Increasing concentrations of urea at wk +5 were associated with decreased odds of CE (healthy vs. CE: OR = 0.6, P = 0.01; SCE vs. CE: OR = 0.5, P = 0.03). A predictor cut point of 3.8 mmol/L (sensitivity: 52%, specificity: 81%) was determined. For BHBA and bilirubin relationships with CE or SCE were not detected.ConclusionsThe corresponding combinations of sensitivity and specificity of the determined predictor cut points were not satisfactory for practical use. Thus, the analysed parameters, i.e. NEFA, BHBA, bilirubin, and urea, at the chosen time points, i.e. at wk -1, at wk +1, and at wk +5 relative to calving, are unsatisfactory for disease prediction. Further research is required to clarify the questions raised by the current study.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlations between periparturient serum concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids, beta-hydroxybutyric acid, bilirubin, and urea and the occurrence of clinical and subclinical postpartum bovine endometritis

Kaufmann

Drillich²,

Tenhagen

et al. 2010

BMC Vet Res

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“…This fact may have been the result of the proximity of the values estimated for DM intake (kg day -1 ), CP intake (kg day -1 ) and plasma glucose levels observed among the animals fed the diets containing 0.44 and 0.88% urea and also for those that received the diets containing 0.0 and 1.32% urea. Dawuda et al (2004) did not detect significant difference (p < 0.05) among the maximum follicular diameters (26.4 mm x 28.3 mm, respectively) in cows fed diet containing 17.5% CP and 11.8 MJ kgMS -1 EM (control diet) or that received the same diet with the addition of 250 g urea cow -1 day -1…”

Section: Productive and Reproductive Performance Of Heifers Fed Diffementioning

confidence: 97%

Productive and reproductive performance of heifers fed different levels of urea in the diet

Silva¹,

Neiva²,

Araújo³

et al. 2010

Rev. Ciênc. Agron.

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-The objective of the present study was to evaluate the nutrient intake, blood parameters, follicular diameter and performance of pre-puberty crossbred heifers fed isoproteic diets (14.1%CP) containing 0.0; 0.44; 0.88 and 1.32% urea on the total dry matter (DM) of the diet, with a 77:23 roughage:concentrate ratio. Twenty-four 18-month old heifers (Holstein x Zebu), 277.9 kg mean live weight (LW) were used, distributed in four treatments and six replications in a randomized complete design. The following were evaluated: dry matter intake (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), ether extract (EE), hemicellulose (HEM), plasmatic ureic nitrogen (PUN), plasmatic glucose, plasmatic total cholesterol, follicular diameter and daily weight gain (DWG). No influence of the urea levels in the diet was observed on NDF and HEM intake. A maximum intake was obtained of DM (8.75 kg day -1 ), CP (0.88 kg day -1 ), ADF (2.5 kg day -1 ) and EE (0.17 kg day -1 ) respectively for the levels 0.7, 0.8, 0.7 and 0.7% urea in total DM. The 0.6%; 0.77% and 0.6% urea levels in diet were the critical points for obtaining maximum response for the PUN (10.96 mg dL -1 ) and plasmatic glucose (84.97 mg dL -1 ) concentrations and, for follicular diameter (11.08 mm) on the 40 th ; 24 th and 31 st day, respectively. The plasmatic total cholesterol concentration and DWG were not influenced by the urea added to the diet, with averages of 119.39 mg dL -1 and 1.66 kg day -1 , respectively. It was concluded that urea can be added up to 1.32% on the total DM of the diet for pre-puberty crossbred heifers.Key words -Cholesterol. Feedlot. Plasmatic ureic nitrogen. Weight gain.Resumo -Com o presente trabalho objetivou-se avaliar o consumo de nutrientes, parâmetros sangüíneos, diâmetro folicular e desempenho de novilhas mestiças pré-púberes alimentadas com dietas isoprotéicas (14,1%PB) contendo 0,0; 0,44; 0,88 e 1,32% de uréia na matéria seca (MS) total, com relação volumoso:concentrado 77:23. Utilizaram-se vinte e quatro novilhas (Holandês x Zebu) com média de 277,9 kg de peso vivo (PV) e 18 meses de idade, distribuídas em quatro tratamentos e seis repetições em delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Foram avaliados consumos de matéria seca (MS), proteína bruta (PB), fibra em detergente neutro (FDN), fibra em detergente ácido (FDA), extrato etéreo (EE), hemicelulose (HEM), nitrogênio uréico plasmático (NUP), glicose plasmática, colesterol plasmático total, máximo diâmetro folicular e ganho de peso diário (GPD). Não foi observada influencia dos níveis de uréia na dieta sobre os consumos de FDN e HEM. Obteve-se o máximo consumo de MS (8,75 kg dia ) respectivamente para os níveis 0,7; 0,8; 0,7 e 0,7% de uréia na MS total da dieta. Os níveis 0,6%; 0,77% e 0,6% de uréia na dieta foram os pontos críticos para obtenção de resposta máxima para as concentrações de NUP (10,96 mg dL -1 ) e glicose plasmática (84,97 mg dL -1 ) e, para o diâmetro folicular (11,08 mm) nos respectivos dias 40º; 24º e 31º. A concentração...

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“…Entretanto, entre os estudos na literatura, as respostas na reprodução a um inadequado ou excessivo consumo de nutrientes são raramente consistentes (PIRES; SUSIN, 1997;DAWUDA et al, 2004).…”

Section: Revisão De Literaturaunclassified

“…O mesmo não foi relatado por outros autores (HOLTZ et al, 1986;HOWARD et al, 1987;CARROL et al, 1988;GATH et al, 1999;KENNY et al, 2002a;DAWUDA et al, 2004).…”

Section: Alta Concentração De Nup E Ambiente Uterinounclassified

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Efeitos do fornecimento de dietas contendo nitrogênio não-protéico(NNP) sem prévia adaptação, durante curto espaço de tempo e em diferentes fases do ciclo estral na produção, qualidade e grau de desenvolvimento de embriões de fêmeas bovinas superovuladas

Alves¹

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The effect of a diet containing excess quickly degradable nitrogen (QDN) on reproductive and metabolic hormonal profiles of lactating dairy cows

Cited by 14 publications

References 33 publications

Correlations between periparturient serum concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids, beta-hydroxybutyric acid, bilirubin, and urea and the occurrence of clinical and subclinical postpartum bovine endometritis

Correlations between periparturient serum concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids, beta-hydroxybutyric acid, bilirubin, and urea and the occurrence of clinical and subclinical postpartum bovine endometritis

Productive and reproductive performance of heifers fed different levels of urea in the diet

Efeitos do fornecimento de dietas contendo nitrogênio não-protéico(NNP) sem prévia adaptação, durante curto espaço de tempo e em diferentes fases do ciclo estral na produção, qualidade e grau de desenvolvimento de embriões de fêmeas bovinas superovuladas

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