The Effect of a Cognitive Task on Voluntary Step Execution in Healthy Elderly and Young Individuals

Melzer, Itshak; Oddsson, Lars

doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2004.52353.x

Cited by 127 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(95 reference statements)

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“…Our results indicate that there were significant differences in reaction time responses during multi-tasking conditions between younger and elderly adults. These findings are consistent with many previous studies 5,22) that observed age-related deterioration in multi-tasking performance. According to previous studies, increases in dual-tasking costs in association with aging relate to limitations of cognition 23) , a reduced capacity of working memory, and perceptual-motor ability 24) .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Age-Related Changes in Attentional Capacity and the Ability to Multi-Task as a Predictor for Falls in Adults Aged 75 Years and Older

et al. 2010

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Abstract.[Purpose] Examine the age-related deterioration of attentional capacity and predictive validity of multi-tasking performances for falls in adults aged 75 and older. [Methods] This study involved 45 elderly individuals and 15 healthy and young volunteers. Reaction times to a visual stimulus were measured under three different conditions: 1) stepping in place (dual-tasking condition with dynamic balance demands); 2) counting backwards during quiet standing (dual-tasking condition with cognitive demands); and 3) counting backwards while stepping in place (triple-tasking condition). The participating elderly individuals reported subsequent falls after a 5-month follow-up period.[Results] Elderly adults demonstrated significantly longer reaction time responses in all task conditions in comparison to young adults. There were statistically significant differences in reaction times between fallers and non-fallers during dual-tasking conditions, but not during triple-tasking conditions. The slower reaction times during dual-tasking conditions with dynamic balance demands were significantly related to the occurrence of subsequent falls, whereas there was only a weak association in model-adjusted physical performance tests.[Conclusions] Attentional capacity in multi-tasking conditions decreases with aging. Slow reaction time response during dual-tasking conditions with dynamic balance demands may be a predictor of falls in adults aged 75 and older.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Age-Related Changes in Attentional Capacity and the Ability to Multi-Task as a Predictor for Falls in Adults Aged 75 Years and Older

et al. 2010

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“…In fact, to our knowledge, only one study exists examining the effect of a cognitive task on GI [9]. This study demonstrated a slowed "response time" to a secondary cognitive task during GI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Effects of cognitive task on gait initiation in Parkinson disease: Evidence of motor prioritization?

Nocera¹,

Roemmich²,

Elrod³

et al. 2013

JRRD

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Abstract-While much is known about the effects of dual tasking on cyclical and continuous motor performance (e.g., locomotion), there is a paucity of information on the effect of dual tasking on the initiation of movement. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a concurrent cognitive task on gait initiation in three groups: patients with Parkinson disease, healthy older adults, and healthy young adults. We examined the anticipatory postural adjustment displacements and velocities during single-task gait initiation as well as two dual-task conditions: (1) 0-back + gait initiation and (2) 2-back + gait initiation. The Parkinson disease group exhibited less anticipatory postural adjustment displacement and velocity than their aged-matched healthy peers and young adults during the single-and dual-task gait initiation settings (p < 0.05). Of interest was the finding of no additional effect on anticipatory postural adjustment displacement or velocity of gait initiation during the dual-task conditions in any group, including the Parkinson disease group. More traditionally studied gait/balance dual-task paradigms have demonstrated both motor and cognitive decline. Therefore, our results may suggest a prioritization of more "intentional" movement task (e.g., gait initiation) while dual tasking in Parkinson disease.

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“…Moreover, within the CoP sway range, the magnitude of ML CoP range has been identified by precedent studies as a predictor of falls in the elderly that indicates the state of instability. Maki et al (1994) and Bergland et al (2003) claimed that the magnitude of ML CoP range is a somewhat accurate predictor of future falls even in elderly with no recent fall experience, while Melzer & Oddsson (2004) reported that ML sway parameter was a variable that can differentiate elderly who have experienced two or more falls in the past 6 months. Stel et al (2003) measured CoP and pointed out that ML sway range of the body is an independent predictor of falls, while Melzer et al (2010) reported that ML CoP range and area were clear indicators for differentiating between fallers and non-fallers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, Stel, Smit, Pluijm, & Lips (2003) measured CoP under the condition of using a moving force plate with restricted field of vision and pointed out physical ML sway as an independent predictor of falls. In addition, other researchers have also conducted studies on determining and predicting falls by calculating the CoP with the use of a force plate (Bergland, Jarnlo, & Laake, 2003;Melzer & Oddsson, 2004;Piirtola & Era, 2006).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Center of Pressure and Local Stability of the Lower Joints during Walking in the Elderly Women

Ryu¹

2017

Korean Journal of Sport Biomechanics

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The Effect of a Cognitive Task on Voluntary Step Execution in Healthy Elderly and Young Individuals

Cited by 127 publications

References 46 publications

Age-Related Changes in Attentional Capacity and the Ability to Multi-Task as a Predictor for Falls in Adults Aged 75 Years and Older

Age-Related Changes in Attentional Capacity and the Ability to Multi-Task as a Predictor for Falls in Adults Aged 75 Years and Older

Effects of cognitive task on gait initiation in Parkinson disease: Evidence of motor prioritization?

Relationship between Center of Pressure and Local Stability of the Lower Joints during Walking in the Elderly Women

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