The Effect of a Coat Colour-Associated Genes Polymorphism on Animal Health – A Review

Charon, K.M.; Lipka, Katarzyna R.

doi:10.2478/aoas-2014-0066

Cited by 22 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 68 publications

(98 reference statements)

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“…The differentially expressed FZD2 gene used in our study is known to be involved in epidermal development ( Brennan-Crispi et al, 2018 ). The expression of PMEL is limited to pigmented tissues, including skin melanocytes, uveal melanocytes, and the pigment epithelium of the retina and iris ( Charon & Lipka, 2015 ; Theos et al, 2005 ). Our analysis identified no more than 20 candidate genes which could potentially regulate skin pigmentation in MBF sheep, including the tyrosinase gene family, MC1R, OCA2, and PMEL .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative transcriptome and histological analyses provide insights into the skin pigmentation in Minxian black fur sheep (Ovis aries)

Shi

Xia

et al. 2021

PeerJ

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Background Minxian black fur (MBF) sheep are found in the northwestern parts of China. These sheep have developed several special traits. Skin color is a phenotype subject to strong natural selection and diverse skin colors are likely a consequence of differences in gene regulation. Methods Skin structure, color differences, and gene expression (determined by RNA sequencing) were evaluated the Minxian black fur and Small-tail Han sheep (n = 3 each group), which are both native Chinese sheep breeds. Results Small-tail Han sheep have a thicker skin and dermis than the Minxian black fur sheep (P < 0.01); however, the quantity of melanin granules is greater (P < 0.01) in Minxian black fur sheep with a more extensive distribution in skin tissue and hair follicles. One hundred thirty-three differentially expressed genes were significantly associated with 37 ontological terms and two critical KEGG pathways for pigmentation (“tyrosine metabolism” and “melanogenesis” pathways). Important genes from those pathways with known involvement in pigmentation included OCA2 melanosomal transmembrane protein (OCA2), dopachrome tautomerase (DCT), tyrosinase (TYR) and tyrosinase related protein (TYRP1), melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R), and premelanosome protein (PMEL). The results from our histological and transcriptome analyses will form a foundation for additional investigation into the genetic basis and regulation of pigmentation in these sheep breeds.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative transcriptome and histological analyses provide insights into the skin pigmentation in Minxian black fur sheep (Ovis aries)

Shi

Xia

et al. 2021

PeerJ

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“…The second highest peak (TOP_ROH) found in CAS is located on chromosome 5 (max number of samples = 78, 25.4%), where the KITLG maps. This gene was included in regions under selection in cattle breeds [ 40 , 41 ] and is responsible for the coat color phenotype in different species [ 42 , 43 ]. In VBP, two higher peaks were identified on BTA6 and BTA23, where the maximum number of samples ( n = 59, 38.5%) and ( n = 45, 29.4%), respectively, shared intergenic and intragenic ( KHDRBS2 gene) homozygous regions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Genomic Variation in the Aosta Cattle Breeds Raised in an Extensive Alpine Farming System

Strillacci

Vevey²,

Blanchet³

et al. 2020

Animals

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The Aosta Red Pied (Valdostana Pezzata Rossa (VRP)), the Aosta Black Pied (Valdostana Pezzata Nera (VBP)) and the Aosta Chestnut (Valdostana Castana (CAS)) are dual-purpose cattle breeds (meat and milk), very well adapted to the harsh environmental conditions of alpine territories: their farming is in fact characterized by summer pasture at very high altitude. A total of 728 individuals were genotyped with the GeenSeek Genomic Profiler® (GGP) Bovine 150K Illumina SNP chip as a part of the DUALBREEDING-PSRN Italian-funded research project. The genetic diversity among populations showed that the three breeds are distinct populations based on the FST values, ADMIXTURE and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) results. Runs of Homozygosity (ROH) were obtained for the three populations to disclose recent autozygosity. The genomic inbreeding based on the ROH was calculated and coupled with information derived from the F (inbreeding coefficient) and FST parameters. The mean FROH values were low: CAS = 0.06, VBP = 0.05 and VRP = 0.07, while the average F values were −0.003, −0.01 and −0.003, respectively. The annotation and enrichment analysis, performed in the identified most frequent ROH (TOP_ROH), showed genes that can be linked to the resilience capacity of these populations to harsh environmental farming conditions, and to the peculiar characteristics searched for by farmers in each breed.

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“…The Kennel Club does not recognise blue, an autosomal recessive dilution which produces a slate-grey colour phenotype or merle, the blotched grey and black colouration seen in dogs heterozygous for the merle gene, colours in Bulldogs [52]. Merle is associated with both auditory and ophthalmologic abnormalities, particularly in homozygotes [52, 53]. Although there have been reports of a rise in public demand for blue (and, very recently, merle) Bulldogs [54], the current study reported that 0.5% were blue and 0.0% were merle in the general Bulldog population in 2013.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disorders of Bulldogs under primary veterinary care in the UK in 2013

et al. 2019

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The Bulldog is a popular companion breed in the UK despite widely reported disease predispositions. This study aimed to characterise the demography, mortality and common disorders of Bulldogs under veterinary care in the UK during 2013. VetCompass collates anonymised clinical data from UK primary-care veterinary practices for epidemiological research. The clinical records of all Bulldogs available in the VetCompass study dataset were reviewed manually in detail to extract the most definitive diagnoses recorded for all disorders that existed during 2013 and for all deaths. Bulldogs comprised 1621 (0.36%) of 445,557 study dogs. Bulldogs increased from 0.35% of the 2009 birth cohort to 0.60% in 2013. Median longevity was 7.2 years, which was lower in males (6.7 years) than females (7.9 years) ( P = 0.021). The most prevalent fine-level precision disorders recorded were otitis externa (n = 206, prevalence 12.7%, 95% CI: 11.1–14.4), pyoderma (142, 8.8%, 95% CI: 7.4–10.2) and overweight/obesity (141, 8.7%, 95% CI: 7.4–10.2). The most prevalent disorder groups were cutaneous (n = 463, prevalence: 28.6%, 95% CI: 26.4–30.8), ophthalmological (292, 18.0%, 95% CI: 16.2–20.0), aural (211, 13.0%, 95% CI: 11.4–14.8), enteropathy (188, 11.6%, 95% CI: 10.1–13.3) and upper respiratory tract (171, 10.5%, 95% CI: 9.1–12.1). Provision of an evidence base on the most common disorders and causes of mortality within breeds can support owners, breeders and the veterinary profession to improve health and welfare within these breed.

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The Effect of a Coat Colour-Associated Genes Polymorphism on Animal Health – A Review

Cited by 22 publications

References 68 publications

Comparative transcriptome and histological analyses provide insights into the skin pigmentation in Minxian black fur sheep (Ovis aries)

Comparative transcriptome and histological analyses provide insights into the skin pigmentation in Minxian black fur sheep (Ovis aries)

The Genomic Variation in the Aosta Cattle Breeds Raised in an Extensive Alpine Farming System

Disorders of Bulldogs under primary veterinary care in the UK in 2013

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