The effect in vitro of irrigating solutions on intact rat articular cartilage

Abstract

Rat patellae were preincubated with culture medium M199 for one hour and then with either fresh culture medium or Ringer's solution, Ringer lactate, Ringer glucose, normal saline or Betadine for another hour. The rate of proteoglycan synthesis in the articular cartilage was then measured by uptake of 35SO4 for the next 16 hours. Cartilage metabolism was inhibited by all of the solutions even after a recovery time of 16 hours. The inhibition was by 5% for Ringer's solution, 10% for Ringer glucose (p < 0.01), 20% for saline and Ringer lactate (p < 0.001) and 55% for Betadine (p < 0.001). Ringer's solution is therefore the best choice for joint irrigation during arthroscopy or other procedures.

Articular cartilage and local anaesthetic: A systematic review of the current literature

“…However, we believe that saline was a poor control because it has been shown to inhibit proteoglycan (PG) metabolism in in vitro studies. 14,15 The use of a cartilage culture medium instead is likely to have shown more toxicity with ropivacaine. Farkas et al 16 found that even ropivacaine can be harmful to articular cartilage when used at a higher concentration.…”

Electric Current-Induced Detachment of Staphylococcus epidermidis Biofilms from Surgical Stainless Steel

“…For attempts to cure or prevent biofilm formation by pin tract infections, multiple techniques are being employed, but there is no consensus on the best technique (8). There is, however, general agreement that the site should be inspected for infection and that a cleansing agent (hydrogen peroxide or povidone) should be used (2), but these agents have negative effects on the surrounding tissues (3,14). Furthermore, proper pin care can also be difficult and time-consuming for patients and their families (8).…”

Effect of sodium hyaluranate on recovery after arthroscopic knee surgery

“…Although these side-effects may be attributed to a large extent to the surgical trauma, various reports have commented on the negative influence of irrigating fluid (saline) used in arthroscopy. [1][2][3][4] Sodium hyaluronate (HA) is a synovial fluid substitute widely used in the treatment of osteoarthritic joints. Intra-articular injection of exogenous HA can help to relieve pain and improve function in osteoarthritic knees.…”