The EEG at different stages of acute secondary traumatic midbrain and bulbar brain syndromes

Early and persistent impaired percent alpha variability on continuous electroencephalography monitoring as predictive of poor outcome after traumatic brain injury

“…Several cardinal, raw EEG characteristics may assist in prognosis, namely, sleep activity, responsiveness of the EEG to noxious stimulation, and spontaneous variability. 2,17,22,24,26,28,37,38,46,48,55 Other measures of this monitoring system, namely quantitative EEG 1,4,47,51 and combinations of EEG and evoked potentials, 8,16,20,21,27,41,42 have been used to improve prognosis in comatose patients. Despite these studies, which establish the prognostic significance of EEG, incorporating EEG results into the medical decision-making process has been restricted.…”

“…34 In addition, snapshot assessments of brain function have been performed to determine functional prognosis. Formal 20-minute EEG, 44,46,48,56 including evaluation of sleep potentials 22 and quantitative measures of EEG, 47 have been used to determine prognosis. Combinations of EEG and evoked potentials have demonstrated added prognostic value.…”

Spindle Coma in Benzodiazepine Toxicity: Case Report

“…However, it is fairly common, reaching up to 91%.10 The prognostic significance of this pattern has been the subject of controversy in the literature. 2,4,[11][12][13][14][15] One of the reasons for ambiguity is that alpha-coma and spindle-coma may co-exist in the same record." In addition, earlier reports that showed a correlation of spindle coma with a favorable outcome included patients who were stuporous and semicomatose."…”

The Utility of Electroencephalography and Cerebral Computed Tomography in Children with Mild and Moderately Severe Closed Head Injuries*

“…The EEGs were classified according to the degree and distribution of abnormalities (adjusted for age because the degree of slow activity in normal children is age dependent) (1, 18). Adopting a modified classification scheme by Rumpl et al (18,24), all EEGs were classified in one of the following four Grades (in order of increasing abnormality): I: normal background pattern, no abnormalities; 11: predominant alpha and little theta activity; 111: predominant theta and little delta activity;…”