Hall went to Williston Seminary in 1862 for 1 year and then to Williams College, where he took the classical curriculum of the old-time American college. For the first 2 years, there was an obligatory sequence of Greek, Latin, and intermediate mathematics, with recitations in each subject every day. There were no electives. As a junior, Hall got a little leeway, but not much. Almost no science was taught, but then there was almost no literature, modern languages, or philosophy, as we now teach those subjects. In his senior year, Hall took moral philosophy with Mark Hopkins, president of the college, and in that course he met an older, theistic developmental psychology.
MARK HOPKINS AND WILLIAMS COLLEGEMark Hopkins had studied a little law and had completed medical training, but he presented himself to his undergraduates as an ordained minister full of the dignity and authority of an old-time college president. He was not learned nor did he aspire to be. "It is now long since I have
G. STANLEY HALL I 05Copyright American Psychological Association. Not for further distribution.
1865, p. 63)Psychology was fundamental for Hopkins's moral science but subordinate to it. Because psychology is conditional for moral philosophy, the moral philosopher stands above the psychologist:The moral philosopher is, therefore, not excluded from the domain of the psychologist. It is his domain. It is the soil into which his science strikes its roots . . . and if the psychologist does not do his work in those portions as he thinks it ought to be done, he has a right to revise it, and do it for himself. It is not to be allowed that the mere psychologist may lay down such doctrines as he pleases regarding the moral nature.(Hopkins, 1865, p. 80) Conditionality was an important tool of Hopkins's analysis. I t is a relationship between entities that allows them to be ordered. Hopkins