The Ecotoxicology of Plastic Marine Debris

Brander, Susanne M.; Fontana, Rachel E.; Mata, Tawny M.; Gravem, Sarah A.; Hettinger, Annaliese; Bean, Jessica R.; Szoboszlai, Amber I.; Keiper, Carol; Marrero, Meghan E.

doi:10.1525/abt.2011.73.8.9

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Although modern life would be unrecognizable without plastics, the dark side of the convenience they bring must not be ignored [54], including the entanglement of marine fauna, ingestion by seabirds and organisms ranging in size from plankton to marine mammals, dispersal of microbial and colonizing species to potentially non-native waters and concentration and transport of organic contaminants to marine organisms at multiple trophic levels [55]. The magnitude and fate of plastic debris pollution are still open questions [56][57][58] because of their persistence at sea (their durability, low recycling rates) and adverse consequences to marine life and potentially human health [16,37,59]. Mangroves have been recognized for their importance in confining plastic waste due to their pneumatophores.…”

Section: Plastic Debris Pollution and Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Marine Debris in the Beilun Estuary Mangrove Forest: Monitoring, Assessment and Implications

Guo

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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A modified approach for marine debris investigation in mangrove forests is developed, including some practical programs, viz., sampling location, time, area, materials, size and sources data processing. The marine debris method was practiced in the Beilun Estuary mangrove forest region in Fangchenggang in 2019, viz., the debris items were classified, counted, weighed and recorded, and the marine debris pollution was assessed to understand the impact of human activities. The results show that the mass density is 21.123 (2.355~51.760) g/m2, and more than 90% came from the land-based and human activities. More than 60% of the total debris weights are plastics, followed by fabrics (17.91%) and Styrofoam (10.07%); the big-size and oversize debris account for 76.41% and 13.33%, respectively. The quantity density is 0.163 (0.013~0.420) item/m2, and ~95% came from land-based human activities. More than 75% of the total debris items were plastics, followed by Styrofoam (14.36%), fabrics (4.10%) and glass (3.59%); the big-size, medium-size and oversize debris are 76.41%, 13.33% and 10.26%, respectively. The results suggest that mangrove forests are barriers for the medium-/big-size marine debris, acting as traps for marine debris. Our study provides recommendations and practical guidance for establishing programs to monitor and assess the distribution and abundance of marine debris. The results show that mangrove areas in the Beilun Estuary are filled with some plastic debris (plastics plus Styrofoam) and that the density and type at Zhushan and Rongshutou near the China-Vietnam border are more than those at Shijiao and Jiaodong. The results of this study are also expected to not only provide baseline data for the future assessment of Beilun Estuary mangroves but also to help China and Vietnam strengthen marine land-based pollution control and promote coastal wetland and mangrove conservation, marine species conservation and sustainable use.

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Section: Plastic Debris Pollution and Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the marine debris survey, some methods have been successfully established for marine debris monitoring and assessment in the marine environment (surface seawater, seabed and beaches) [8,[13][14][15][16][17]. The approaches/methods comprise the visual method, net method (trawl) and diving method [12,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marine Debris in the Beilun Estuary Mangrove Forest: Monitoring, Assessment and Implications

Guo

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…Contents available at Journals Home Page: www.ijzi.net environment is referred to as marine debris (NOAA, 2010;Brander et al, 2011;Kripa et al, 2016;Kaladharan et al, 2017).…”

Section: International Journal Of Zoological Investigationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Marine Debris and Plastic Polymer Types Along the Panvel Creek, Navi Mumbai, West Coast of India

S¹,

P²,

R³

2021

IJZI

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Marine debris was collected monthly from substations along Panvel creek from May 2020 to April 2021 and was analyzed for types of non-plastic debris and plastic debris. Plastic debris was assessed for % composition of a type of plastic, plastic polymer and further categorized according to plastic code, acronym, full name and common examples. Non-plastic debris of 8 types representing 38 items were recorded. Consumer and manufactured items like glass and plastic bottles, cans, bags, rubber, metal, fiberglass, cigarettes, fishing gears etc. were observed. 8 types of polymers representing 65 items were recorded along Panvel creek. Plastic polymers like Polyethylene terephthalate (PETE/PET), High density polyethylene (HDPE), Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), Low density polyethylene (LDPE), Polypropylene (PE), Polystyrene (PS), Polyamide/Nylon, Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) and Polyurethane (PU) were recorded. 13 items belongs to Plastic code 2:HDPE, 12 to 3:PVC, 11 to 5:PP, 9 to 6:PS, 8 to 4:LDPE, 6 to 1:PETE/PET and 3 each to 7:PA and Other and 8:PU, respectively, were documented. Maximum % composition (20.00%) of HDPE, and minimum (4.61%) of PA and Other and PU, respectively was recorded. Higher content of debris recorded is attributed to the disposal of domestic wastes intentionally or unintentionally into the creek and also for disposal of scrap materials from the fishing crafts. Higher HDPE content is attributed to the wastes released from the fishing vessels and also to the domestic and municipal wastes. At present the Panvel creek is moderately polluted and 3R i.e. reduce, reuse and recycling is the current solution to the overuse of plastics.

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“…Scientists and their educational collaborators can publish lesson plans and social science research conducted in the classroom (e.g., Brander et al. 2011 ). Such publications do not depend on the full support of a university's research infrastructure and the time to publication can be short.…”

Section: Strategies For Successful K–12 Ibl Outreachmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Scientist's Guide to Achieving Broader Impacts through K–12 STEM Collaboration

Komoroske¹,

Hameed²,

Szoboszlai³

et al. 2015

BioScience

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The National Science Foundation and other funding agencies are increasingly requiring broader impacts in grant applications to encourage US scientists to contribute to science education and society. Concurrently, national science education standards are using more inquiry-based learning (IBL) to increase students’ capacity for abstract, conceptual thinking applicable to real-world problems. Scientists are particularly well suited to engage in broader impacts via science inquiry outreach, because scientific research is inherently an inquiry-based process. We provide a practical guide to help scientists overcome obstacles that inhibit their engagement in K–12 IBL outreach and to attain the accrued benefits. Strategies to overcome these challenges include scaling outreach projects to the time available, building collaborations in which scientists’ research overlaps with curriculum, employing backward planning to target specific learning objectives, encouraging scientists to share their passion, as well as their expertise with students, and transforming institutional incentives to support scientists engaging in educational outreach.

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The Ecotoxicology of Plastic Marine Debris

Cited by 14 publications

References 14 publications

Marine Debris in the Beilun Estuary Mangrove Forest: Monitoring, Assessment and Implications

Marine Debris in the Beilun Estuary Mangrove Forest: Monitoring, Assessment and Implications

Assessment of Marine Debris and Plastic Polymer Types Along the Panvel Creek, Navi Mumbai, West Coast of India

A Scientist's Guide to Achieving Broader Impacts through K–12 STEM Collaboration

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