The Economic Costs of Hybrid Wars: The Case of Ukraine

Bluszcz, Julia; Valente, Marica

doi:10.1080/10242694.2020.1791616

Cited by 32 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Before the outbreak of the war, relations between the two countries were not entirely peaceful, with several conflicts (in the form of a hybrid war) preceding the main military conflict in 2022. According to Bluszcz and Valente (2022), this ongoing hybrid war in the Donbass regiona region that represented the productive core of Ukraine-had a serious impact on the country's per capita GDP.…”

Section: The Russian -Ukrainian Warmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible Social, Political, and Economic Implications of Major Events

Kiki¹,

Metsiou²,

Papachristou³

et al. 2023

Int. J. Res. Publ. Rev.

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The article examines the available literature of theoretical as well as empirical scope regarding the origins and aftereffects of banking crises and summarizes the insights drawn from relevant policies adopted as interventions to address these crises and limit their impact at the microeconomic and macroeconomic levels.While originating from a variety of causes, banking crises share common patterns, since their roots can be traced back to unsustainable macroeconomic policies, market failures, regulatory distortions, and government intervention in capital allocation; such crises are frequently described by cycles of credit and asset priceexplosions and declines -and generally are addressed mainly via government intervention on a broad range of policies. When not handled efficiently and quickly, banking crises tend to impose huge costs on society by restricting the flow of credit to the real economy. Many of the possible proposals to strengthen the economic stability in an increasingly integrated financial system include making banking regulation more prudential in macroeconomics, by focusing on cycle and systemic risk rather than individual bank risk. Furthermore, by improving market discipline by limiting explicit and implicit government bank liability insurance. The global financial crisis that began in 2007 caught many by surprise, because what at first appeared to be a crisis sustained in the USA concerning subprime loans, quickly spread to financial markets around the world, triggering a large-scale government bailout activity in the financial sector, causing memories of previous crises to fade under a prolonged period of economic prosperity. When the crisis broke out, it developed at breakneck speed, infecting most financial markets around the world. Banking crises are like periodic waves that emerge unexpectedly and can destroy the real economy by restricting credit and causing costly clearances. Banking crises have been a frequent occurrence throughout history, counting almost 300 banking crises in the period 1800 to 2008.There are many commonalities between the current crisis and previous crisis episodes. Usually, banking crises are preceded by credit booms and asset price bubbles and are accompanied by intervention by the government in rescuing its finances. Although the timing of the bursting of such crises is uncertain, the burst of a crisis is many times inevitable.

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Section: The Russian -Ukrainian Warmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible Social, Political, and Economic Implications of Major Events

Kiki¹,

Metsiou²,

Papachristou³

et al. 2023

Int. J. Res. Publ. Rev.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The authors argue that the effects of conflict have been short-term, with no statistical evidence of their long-term impact. Finally, Bluszcz and Valente [ 45 ] examined the causal impact of the Donbass war on the economy of Ukraine using cross-country data spanning from 1995–2017. The authors employed a synthetic control method and found that the per capita GDP of Ukraine that has foregone due to the war rounded to 15.1% during the period from 2013 to 2017, while during the period from 2013 to 2016, the war-effected regions, such as Donetsk and Luhansk, show a causal effect of 47%.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the asymmetric war-growth nexus: A case of Afghanistan

2022

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This study explores the war-growth nexus in Afghanistan, a country where war-torn acts inform resource allocation. Employing the asymmetric ARDL, dynamic multipliers, and asymmetric causality techniques, the initial results confirm the existence of a long-run asymmetric nexus amid predictors. The asymmetric ARDL results indicate that a positive asymmetric shock from the per capita cost of war reduces per capita GDP—that is, economic growth—while a negative asymmetric shock from the per capita cost of war increases growth in the short and long run. Moreover, the findings reveal that per capita capital investment, per capita energy consumption, per capita household consumption, per capita remittance, per capita foreign direct investment, population growth, and inflation rate have significantly asymmetric effects on growth, highlighting non-monotonic impacts in scale and magnitude. The results of the asymmetric causality technique by bootstrap confirm that there is an asymmetric bidirectional causality between growth, per capita cost of war, per capita household consumption, per capita capital investment, and per capita foreign direct investment, while expanding only unidirectional causality with per capita remittance, population growth, and inflation rate. Based on the findings, the study concludes by offering relevant policy recommendations.

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“…Now, remote temperature scanners are used extensively worldwide. • Major global events that occurred during the COVID- 19 pandemic-including the US-China trade war, 12 severe delays and congestion at ports and terminals due to COVID-19, 13 a global shortage of semiconductor chips, 14 inflation, 15 and the Ukraine-Russia war 16 -have influenced the application of smart technologies in healthcare. 17 • Existing methods based on AI are not easy to understand or communicate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Chen and Wang 9 did not consider remote temperature scanners as the most suitable smart technology application, yet as COVID-19 remained prevalent in society, the cost-effectiveness of remote temperature scanners increased. Now, remote temperature scanners are used extensively worldwide. Major global events that occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic—including the US–China trade war, 12 severe delays and congestion at ports and terminals due to COVID-19, 13 a global shortage of semiconductor chips, 14 inflation, 15 and the Ukraine–Russia war 16 —have influenced the application of smart technologies in healthcare. 17 Existing methods based on AI are not easy to understand or communicate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the sustainability of smart technology applications in healthcare after the COVID-19 pandemic: A hybridising subjective and objective fuzzy group decision-making approach with explainable artificial intelligence

Chen

Chiu

2022

DIGITAL HEALTH

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During the COVID-19 pandemic, some smart technology applications were more effective than had been expected, whereas some others did not achieve satisfactory performance. Consequently, whether smart technology applications in healthcare are sustainable is a question that warrants investigation. To address this question, a hybridising subjective and objective fuzzy group decision-making approach with explainable artificial intelligence was proposed in this study and then used to evaluate the sustainability of smart technology applications in healthcare. The contribution of this research is its subjective evaluation of the sustainability of smart technology applications followed by correction of the evaluation outcome on the basis of the applications’ objective performance during the COVID-19 pandemic. To this end, a fuzzy nonlinear programming model was formulated and optimised. In addition, the impact of several major global events that occurred during the pandemic on the sustainability of smart technology applications was considered. The proposed methodology was applied to evaluate the sustainability levels of eight smart technology applications in healthcare. According to the experimental results, three applications—namely healthcare apps, smartwatches, and remote temperature scanners—are expected to be highly sustainable in healthcare, whereas one application, namely smart clothing, is not.

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The Economic Costs of Hybrid Wars: The Case of Ukraine

Cited by 32 publications

References 35 publications

Possible Social, Political, and Economic Implications of Major Events

Possible Social, Political, and Economic Implications of Major Events

Assessing the asymmetric war-growth nexus: A case of Afghanistan

Evaluating the sustainability of smart technology applications in healthcare after the COVID-19 pandemic: A hybridising subjective and objective fuzzy group decision-making approach with explainable artificial intelligence

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