Abstract:Purpose
While most Achilles tendon ruptures are dramatic and diagnosed quickly, some are missed, with a risk of becoming chronic. A chronic Achilles tendon rupture is defined as a rupture that has been left untreated for more than 4 weeks. By mapping the health economic cost of chronic Achilles tendon ruptures the health-care system might be able to better distribute resources to detect these ruptures at an earlier time.
Method
All patients with a chronic Achilles tendo… Show more
“…Delayed or unrecognized diagnosis of an acute ATR must be avoided as it entails a poorer outcome for the patient 158,184 and increases the health economic costs 185 .…”
Section: Diagnosesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Absence from work caused by the injury is an important outcome measure in health economic evaluations 11,185,264 .…”
Aufwerber and co-workers (2021) compared gait patterns between patients allowed to weight-bear immediately in an orthosis with patients deferring weight-bearing in a cast for two weeks followed by four weeks of weight-bearing in an orthosis. They found that immediate weight-bearing did not result in a more symmetrical gait pattern than deferring weight-bearing the first two weeks postoperatively 79 .
“…Delayed or unrecognized diagnosis of an acute ATR must be avoided as it entails a poorer outcome for the patient 158,184 and increases the health economic costs 185 .…”
Section: Diagnosesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Absence from work caused by the injury is an important outcome measure in health economic evaluations 11,185,264 .…”
Aufwerber and co-workers (2021) compared gait patterns between patients allowed to weight-bear immediately in an orthosis with patients deferring weight-bearing in a cast for two weeks followed by four weeks of weight-bearing in an orthosis. They found that immediate weight-bearing did not result in a more symmetrical gait pattern than deferring weight-bearing the first two weeks postoperatively 79 .
“…In addition to greater patient suffering by an extended recovery time, delayed treatment of ATR also results in negative health-economic consequences, as shown in a previous study conducted by our research group [ 24 ]. The mean health-care costs for treatment of CATR are considerably higher compared with surgically and non-surgically treatment of ATR.…”
Background
Delayed treatment of Achilles tendon ruptures is generally due to either misdiagnosis or patient delay. When the treatment is delayed more than 4 weeks, the rupture is defined as “chronic”, and almost always requires more invasive surgery and longer rehabilitation time compared with acute Achilles tendon ruptures. There is insufficient knowledge of patient experiences of sustaining and recovering from a chronic Achilles tendon rupture.
Methods
To evaluate patients’ experiences of suffering a chronic Achilles tendon rupture, semi-structured group interviews were conducted 4–6 years after surgical treatment using a semi-structured interview guide. The data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis described by Graneheim and Lundman.
Results
The experiences of ten patients (65 ± 14 years, 7 males and 3 females) were summarized into four main categories: (1) “The injury”, where the patients described immediate functional impairments, following either traumatic or non-traumatic injury mechanisms that were misinterpreted by themselves or the health-care system; (2) “The diagnosis”, where the patients expressed relief in receiving the diagnosis, but also disappointment and/or frustration related to the prior misdiagnosis and delay; (3) “The treatment”, where the patients expressed high expectations, consistent satisfaction with the surgical treatment, and addressed the importance of the physical therapist having the right expertise; and (4) “The outcomes”, where the patients expressed an overall satisfaction with the long-term outcome and no obvious limitations in physical activity, although some fear of re-injury emerged.
Conclusions
An Achilles tendon rupture can occur during both major and minor trauma and be misinterpreted by both the assessing health-care professional as well as the patient themselves. Surgical treatment and postoperative rehabilitation for chronic Achilles tendon rupture results in overall patient satisfaction in terms of the long-term outcomes. We emphasize the need for increased awareness of the occurrence of Achilles tendon rupture in patients with an atypical patient history.
“…A missed diagnosis rate of approximately 20% has been reported in several studies [26, 29, 40]. Chronic rupture of the Achilles tendon often leads to severe calf muscle dysfunction and gait abnormalities and surgical intervention is generally required [6, 16, 27, 30, 39]. However, owing to a long gap between the two rupture ends of the Achilles tendon, treating chronic Achilles tendon rupture is challenging [14].…”
PurposeThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of the endoscopic‐assisted locking block modified Krackow technique with a V‐Y flap. The hypothesis was that the minimally invasive technique can reduce wound complications and facilitate early recovery.
MethodsIn total, 29 men with chronic Achilles tendon rupture who underwent either minimally invasive technique (n = 13) or open repair (n = 16) at our department between 2013 and 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The rate of complications, time to return to moderate‐intensity exercise, American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society ankle hindfoot score, Achilles tendon Total Rupture Score, heel‐rise repetitions in 1 min, heel‐rise height, and bilateral calf circumference at 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years postoperatively were recorded.
ResultsAll incisions healed primarily in the minimally invasive technique group; however, three patients in the open repair group experienced wound complications. The time to return to moderate‐intensity exercise, American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society score, Achilles tendon Total Rupture Score, heel‐rise repetition ratio, and heel‐rise height ratio at 6 months postoperatively in the minimally invasive technique group were significantly better than those in the open repair group. However, it was not significantly different between both groups at 2 years postoperatively.
ConclusionEndoscopy allowed scar tissue and adhesions to be removed, allowing the tendon ends to be mobilized out of the small proximal and distal incisions. Minimally invasive technique may result in a lower wound complication incidence and provide better early functional recovery and return to moderate‐intensity exercise time than the conventional open procedure in treating chronic Achilles tendon ruptures.
Clinical trial registrationWuxi Ninth People’s Hospital Medical Ethical Committee, LW2021026.
Level of evidenceIII.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.