The economic burden of sixteen measles outbreaks on United States public health departments in 2011

Ortega-Sánchez, Ismael R.; Vijayaraghavan, Maya; Barskey, Albert E.; Wallace, Gregory S.

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.10.012

Cited by 84 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Because vaccination campaigns are costly and resource intensive for public health agencies, 31 , 75 deciding on the extent of immunization efforts in these settings should be based on several factors, including the strength of the healthcare infrastructure, the overall risk in the affected subpopulation, and the receptiveness of the community to such an intervention (Table 2). In the latter, delivering outbreak response strategies through culturally suitable approaches (e.g., involving community and spiritual leaders, interpreters, and local public health advisors) is key for their success.…”

Section: Containment Strategies — Guidance Evidence Challenges and mentioning

confidence: 99%

Public health responses during measles outbreaks in elimination settings: Strategies and challenges

Gastañaduy

Banerjee

DeBolt

et al. 2018

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In late September 2016, the Americas became the first region in the world to have eliminated endemic transmission of measles virus. Several other countries have also verified measles elimination, and countries in all six World Health Organization regions have adopted measles elimination goals. The public health strategies used to respond to measles outbreaks in elimination settings are thus becoming relevant to more countries. This review highlights the strategies used to limit measles spread in elimination settings: (1) assembly of an outbreak control committee; (2) isolation of measles cases while infectious; (3) exclusion and quarantining of individuals without evidence of immunity; (4) vaccination of susceptible individuals; (5) use of immunoglobulin to prevent measles in exposed susceptible high-risk persons; (6) and maintaining laboratory proficiency for confirmation of measles. Deciding on the extent of containment efforts should be based on the expected benefit of reactive interventions, balanced against the logistical challenges in implementing them.

show abstract

Section: Containment Strategies — Guidance Evidence Challenges and mentioning

confidence: 99%

Public health responses during measles outbreaks in elimination settings: Strategies and challenges

Gastañaduy

Banerjee

DeBolt

et al. 2018

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…MV is periodically imported into the United States, leading to local outbreaks (5). During 2011, 222 measles cases and 17 measles outbreaks were reported in the United States (1,(6)(7)(8), and the situation has deteriorated since then, causing a significant economic burden on health institutions (9). The 2014 MV outbreak was the biggest to occur in the United States since 1996 (10).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention of Measles Virus Infection by Intranasal Delivery of Fusion Inhibitor Peptides

Mathieu

Huey

Jurgens

et al. 2015

J Virol

100

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Measles virus (MV) infection is undergoing resurgence and remains one of the leading causes of death among young children worldwide despite the availability of an effective measles vaccine. MV infects its target cells by coordinated action of the MV H and the fusion (F) envelope glycoprotein; upon receptor engagement by H, the prefusion F undergoes a structural transition, extending and inserting into the target cell membrane and then refolding into a postfusion structure that fuses the viral and cell membranes. By interfering with this structural transition of F, peptides derived from the heptad-repeat (HR) regions of F can potently inhibit MV infection at the entry stage. We show here that specific features of H's interaction with its receptors modulate the susceptibility of MV F to peptide fusion inhibitors. A higher concentration of inhibitory peptides is required to inhibit F-mediated fusion when H is engaged to its nectin-4 receptor than when H is engaged to its CD150 receptor. Peptide inhibition of F may be subverted by continued engagement of receptor by H, a finding that highlights the ongoing role of H-receptor interaction after F has been activated and that helps guide the design of more potent inhibitory peptides. Intranasal administration of these peptides results in peptide accumulation in the airway epithelium with minimal systemic levels of peptide and efficiently prevents MV infection in vivo in animal models. The results suggest an antiviral strategy for prophylaxis in vulnerable and/or immunocompromised hosts. IMPORTANCE Measles virus (MV) infection causes an acute illness that may be associated with infection of the central nervous system (CNS)and severe neurological disease. No specific treatment is available. We have shown that parenterally delivered fusion-inhibitory peptides protect mice from lethal CNS MV disease. Here we show, using established small-animal models of MV infection, that fusion-inhibitory peptides delivered intranasally provide effective prophylaxis against MV infection. Since the fusion inhibitors are stable at room temperature, this intranasal strategy is feasible even outside health care settings, could be used to protect individuals and communities in case of MV outbreaks, and could complement global efforts to control measles.

show abstract

“…21 Although this outbreak resulted in only 1 additional case in the United States, public health officials had to track over 200 exposed individuals. 3 The undervaccination of children with CP may imply that other special needs children could be in need of timely and complete vaccination to prevent them from acquiring vaccinepreventable diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measles Imported to the United States by Children Adopted From China

Zhang

et al. 2015

Pediatrics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In July 2013, the National Immunization Program of China was notified by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention that measles was detected in 3 newly adopted, special needs children with cerebral palsy (CP) from China. We report an investigation of measles transmission in China that led to infection of these children. Interviews were conducted with welfare institute staff and panel physicians; health records of the potentially exposed population were reviewed; and immunization coverage was assessed among institute residents. Five residents with CP, all unvaccinated against measles, among who were the 3 adoptees, were linked epidemiologically into 3 generations of measles transmission antecedent to the US outbreak. In a random sample of residents, first dose of measles containing vaccine (MCV1) and MCV2 coverage was 16 of 17 (94%) and 7 of 11 (64%) among children with CP, and 100% (32 of 32) and 96% (21 of 22) among children without CP. Vaccinators reported reluctance to vaccinate children with CP because the China pharmacopeia lists encephalopathy as a contraindication to vaccination. Panel physicians reported to investigators no necessity of vaccination for adoptees to the United States if US parents sign an affidavit exempting the child from vaccination. We recommend that the China pharmacopeia vaccine contraindications be reviewed and updated, the United States should reconsider allowing vaccination exemptions for internationally adopted children unless there are true medical contraindications to vaccination, and US pediatricians should counsel adopting parents to ensure that their child is upto-date on recommended vaccinations before coming to the United States.

show abstract

The economic burden of sixteen measles outbreaks on United States public health departments in 2011

Abstract: Investigating and responding to measles outbreaks imposes a significant economic burden on local and state health institutions. Such impact is compounded by the duration of the outbreak and the number of potentially susceptible contacts.

Cited by 84 publications

References 9 publications

Public health responses during measles outbreaks in elimination settings: Strategies and challenges

Public health responses during measles outbreaks in elimination settings: Strategies and challenges

Prevention of Measles Virus Infection by Intranasal Delivery of Fusion Inhibitor Peptides

Measles Imported to the United States by Children Adopted From China

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About