The economic and social costs of crime: Home Office research study 217

Brand, Sam; Price, Richard H.

doi:10.1037/e452672008-001

Cited by 146 publications

(217 citation statements)

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“…The controls entered (from the Labour Force Survey matched to police force areas) were changes in the proportions of young people, ethnic minorities, 16 to 19 year olds in full time education, part-time employees, unskilled workers and workers in personnel and security services and the change in lowest quartile wage. or an extra £48 applied to all outflow; ecosts of erroneous benefit payments due to computer system problems ; f -diminution in benefits from reduction to 6 months (from 12); g -average weekly benefit payment of £50 giving £650 saving per quarter for each extra outflow; h -average costs of crime computed from Brand and Price (2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crime and benefit sanctions

Machin

Marie

2006

Port. Econ. J.

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In this paper we look at the relationship between crime and economic incentives in a different way to other work in this area. We look at changes in unemployment benefits and the imposition of benefit sanctions as a means of studying the way that people on the margins of crime may react to economic incentives. The paper relies on a quasiexperimental setting induced by the introduction of the Jobseekers Allowance (JSA) in the UK in October 1996. We look at crime rates in areas more and less affected by the policy change before and after JSA introduction. In the areas more affected by the tougher benefit regime crime rose by more. These were also the areas with higher outflows from unemployment and particularly to people dropping off the register but not into work, education/training or onto other benefits. Areas that had more sanctioned individuals also experienced higher crime rates after the introduction of JSA. As such the benefit cuts and sanctions embodied in the JSA appear to have induced individuals previously on the margins to engage in crime. Thus there appears to have been an unintended policy consequence, associated with the benefit reform, namely higher crime.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Office estimates of the social cost of crime from Brand and Price (2000), the net social benefit falls to a range of between £55 and £77 million. Thus, if the connection with crime was not considered one would overestimate the net social benefits by somewhere between 22 and 28 percent.…”

Section: Implications For Cost-benefit Evaluation Of Jsa Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crime and benefit sanctions

Machin

Marie

2006

Port. Econ. J.

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“…The British government, for example, employs a formula to estimate crime costs that includes property loss, health services, and victim support services, but makes only a crude estimation of the emotional costs entailed in victimization with no mention of such victim effects as fear of the offender repeating the crime, emotions of anger or grievance, or loss of a general sense of trust in others (Brand & Price, 2000). Nor do their calculations include a full estimate of the medical consequences of posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), which could include such untested hypotheses as reduced immune function, higher rates of disease, greater use of medical services, and higher mortality from cancer or cardiovascular disease.…”

Section: These Outcomes Are Even More Clearly If Less Rigorously mentioning

confidence: 99%

Victim Evaluations of Face‐to‐Face Restorative Justice Conferences: A Quasi‐Experimental Analysis

Strang

Sherman

Angel

et al. 2006

Journal of Social Issues

163

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One major goal of face-to-face restorative justice (RJ) is to help heal the psychological harm suffered by crime victims (Braithwaite, 2002). Substantial evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) has shown that this can be accomplished (Strang, 2002) and more trials are underway (Sherman & Strang, 2004 The costs of crime are rarely calculated to include its full impact on crime victims. The British government, for example, employs a formula to estimate crime costs that includes property loss, health services, and victim support services, but makes only a crude estimation of the emotional costs entailed in victimization with no mention of such victim effects as fear of the offender repeating the crime, emotions of anger or grievance, or loss of a general sense of trust in others (Brand

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“…Contact crimes, crimes which require the offender to make physical contact with the victim, are especially common in more crowded transport networks and can discourage many would-be passengers (Brand and Price, 2000). Pickpocketing makes up a substantial portion of this, accounting for around 50 per cent of all crime on London's transport network (Transport for London, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crowd Spatial Patterns at Bus Stops: Security Implications and Effects of Warning Messages

Solymosi

Borrion²,

Fujiyama³

2015

Safety and Security in Transit Environments

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As demonstrated throughout this book, the risk of certain types of crime can increase in congested spaces. Contact crimes, crimes which require the offender to make physical contact with the victim, are especially common in more crowded transport networks and can discourage many would-be passengers (Brand and Price, 2000). Pickpocketing makes up a substantial portion of this, accounting for around 50 per cent of all crime on London’s transport network (Transport for London, 2012). Other chapters in this volume have emphasized the link between pickpocketing and bus stops, and this chapter will delve deeper into the mechanics of crowding at bus stops, and implications for pickpocketing and risk.

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The economic and social costs of crime: Home Office research study 217

Cited by 146 publications

References 0 publications

Crime and benefit sanctions

Crime and benefit sanctions

Victim Evaluations of Face‐to‐Face Restorative Justice Conferences: A Quasi‐Experimental Analysis

Crowd Spatial Patterns at Bus Stops: Security Implications and Effects of Warning Messages

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