The economic and clinical burden of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the United States and Europe

Abstract

The analysis quantifies the enormity of the clinical and economic burdens of NAFLD, which will likely increase as the incidence of NAFLD continues to rise. (Hepatology 2016;64:1577-1586).

Global burden of NAFLD and NASH: trends, predictions, risk factors and prevention

“…With an estimate of 64 mil lion individuals affected in the USA and 52 million in European countries 1,115 , what clearly sets NAFLD apart from other common liver diseases is the sheer volume of patients. In this context, the major focus of clin ical care is discerning patients with NAFLD at highest risk for liver related complications.…”

“…As the clinical conse quences of NAFLD grow, the economic consequences will also increase. A model on the population of US and of four European countries (Germany, France, Italy and the UK) published in 2016 estimated the annual bur den associ ated with all incident and prevalent NAFLD cases at US$103 billion in the USA ($1,613 per patient) and at €35 billion in the four Europe countries (from €354 to €1,163 per patient) 115 . In a study of Medicare patients with NAFLD, the mean yearly inflation adjusted charges from the outpatient setting increased from $2,624 ± 3,308 in 2005 to $3,608 ± 5,132 in 2010 (REF.…”

“…117). If the annual rate of increase in the costs related to NAFLD is assumed to parallel the annual growth in the prevalence of obesity, the expected 10 year burden of NAFLD could increase to an estimated $1.005 trillion in the USA and €334 billion in the Europe 115 .…”

Impact of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease on Toxicokinetics of Tetrachloroethylene in Mice

“…The role of genetic factors in the population variability in drug and chemical metabolism is well established (Relling and Evans, 2015); however, a variety of other factors such as sex, age, diet, and underlying disease states may also contribute to interindividual variability. Specifically, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a growing public health burden, with a global prevalence of ∼25% (Younossi et al, 2016b) and an associated economic impact that may exceed US$900 billion over the next 10 years in the U.S. alone (Younossi et al, 2016a). NAFLD encompasses two clinicallydistinct disease states: simple steatosis and the more severe non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).…”

Increased Prevalence of NAFLD in IBD Patients

“…Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a condition affecting approximately a quarter of the general population, is associated with an enormous clinical and economic burden [1]. The estimated prevalence of NAFLD is as high as 40% in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) [2].…”