The Ecology of Conus in Hawaii

Kohn, Alan J.

doi:10.2307/1948541

Cited by 258 publications

(142 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…A second major group are the molluscivorous (snail-hunting) species that hunt other gastropods. The final, most remarkable group are the piscivorous (fish-hunting) cone snails; these have venoms that very rapidly immobilize fish (95,137,143,180).…”

Section: Biology Of Cone Snailsmentioning

confidence: 99%

ConusVenoms: A Rich Source of Novel Ion Channel-Targeted Peptides

Terlau

Olivera

2004

Physiological Reviews

853

828

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Terlau, Heinrich, and Baldomero M. Olivera. Conus Venoms: A Rich Source of Novel Ion Channel-Targeted Peptides. Physiol Rev 84: 41–68, 2004; 10.1152/physrev.00020.2003.—The cone snails (genus Conus) are venomous marine molluscs that use small, structured peptide toxins (conotoxins) for prey capture, defense, and competitor deterrence. Each of the 500 Conus can express ∼100 different conotoxins, with little overlap between species. An overwhelming majority of these peptides are probably targeted selectively to a specific ion channel. Because conotoxins discriminate between closely related subtypes of ion channels, they are widely used as pharmacological agents in ion channel research, and several have direct diagnostic and therapeutic potential. Large conotoxin families can comprise hundreds or thousands of different peptides; most families have a corresponding ion channel family target (i.e., ω-conotoxins and Ca channels, α-conotoxins and nicotinic receptors). Different conotoxin families may have different ligand binding sites on the same ion channel target (i.e., μ-conotoxins and δ-conotoxins to sites 1 and 6 of Na channels, respectively). The individual peptides in a conotoxin family are typically each selectively targeted to a diverse set of different molecular isoforms within the same ion channel family. This review focuses on the targeting specificity of conotoxins and their differential binding to different states of an ion channel.

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Section: Biology Of Cone Snailsmentioning

confidence: 99%

ConusVenoms: A Rich Source of Novel Ion Channel-Targeted Peptides

Terlau

Olivera

2004

Physiological Reviews

853

828

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“…There is economic importance in the extraction of compounds of medical and pharmacological interest (Olivera et al 1990, Terlau & Olivera 2004, Braga et al 2005, 2013, Gowd et al 2005, Haddad et al 2006, Peters et al 2013) and as a food source for fishing communities on some Pacific islands (Terlau & Olivera 2004) and in northeastern Brazil. Species of Conus that inhabit the intertidal to subtidal zones usually live in a heterogeneous habitat (Kohn 1959, 1998, Peters et al 2013, Flores-Garza et al 2014. They are quiescent when exposed to sunlight and typically seek shelter in shaded areas under algae, rocks and the sediment (Kohn 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are quiescent when exposed to sunlight and typically seek shelter in shaded areas under algae, rocks and the sediment (Kohn 1998). Most species forage actively at night (Kohn 1998, Terlau & Olivera 2004, Flores-Garza et al 2014) preying on a diversity of worms (e.g., polychaetes), hemichordates, echiurans, crustaceans, fishes and other mollusks (e.g., bivalves and gastropods) (Olivera et al 1990, Kohn 1966, Cruz et al 1978, Zehra & Perveen 1991, Kohn 1959, 1998, Duda et al 2001, Terlau & Olivera 2004, Gowd et al 2005, Haddad et al 2006, Flores-Garza et al 2014.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the oviposition and egg masses of Conus regius (Neogastropoda: Conidae) from northeastern Brazil

Gonçalves

Lima

Oliveira³

et al. 2017

Biota Neotrop.

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. On the oviposition and egg masses of Conus regius (Neogastropoda: Conidae) from northeastern Brazil. Biota Neotropica. 17(4): e20170434. http://dx.doi. org/10.1590/1676-0611- BN-2017-0434 Abstract: Characteristics of the egg masses of Conus regius Gmelin, 1791 are described and figured for the first time for the coast of Brazil based on a female specimen found in the process of oviposition during the day in the state of Bahia, northeastern Brazil. Two clusters of egg masses were found in the subtidal zone of Itapuã beach attached to rocky substrate in a completely unprotected site. Oviposition likely began at least one day earlier, since the specimen had already affixed an entire egg mass and was ovipositing a second cluster at the time it was found. The egg masses were arranged in short, irregular rows of three to nine closely spaced capsules in parallel and facing the same direction. One egg mass cluster consisted of 34 capsules. Conus regius capsules are semi-transparent, vasiform in side view, higher than broad and have flattened to slightly convex sides with slight wrinkles constituted by transversal ridges. Conus regius is on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, but is still intensively collected in the study area and surrounding coastal environment by fishermen for the purposes of selling shells and as a food source.Keywords: Gastropoda, Conoidea, reproduction, ootheca, Bahia. Sobre a oviposição e massas de ovos de Conus regius (Neogastropoda: Conidae) no nordeste do BrasilResumo: Características de massas de ovos de Conus regius Gmelin, 1791 são descritas e figuradas pela primeira vez para a costa do Brasil com base em um espécime encontrado em processo de oviposição, durante o dia, no estado da Bahia, nordeste do Brasil. Dois aglomerados de massa de ovos foram achadas na zona subtidal da praia de Itapuã fixa a substrato rochoso em uma área completamente desprotegida. O processo de oviposição, provavelmente, começou um dia antes, uma vez que o espécime já tinha afixado uma massa de ovos e estava depositando um segundo aglomerado de ovos no momento em que foi encontrado. As massas de ovos apresentaram arranjos em fileiras curtas e irregulares contendo três a nove cápsulas estreitamente espaçadas, paralelas e posicionadas na mesma direção. A primeira massa de ovos observada conteve um total de 34 cápsulas. As cápsulas de Conus regius são semitransparentes, vasiformes em vista lateral (mais altas do que largas) e possuem parte lateral suavemente convexa a achatada com rugas suaves constituídas por elevações transversais. Conus regius está na Lista Vermelha de Espécies Ameaçadas da IUCN, mas ainda é intensamente coletada na área de estudo e ambientes costeiros circunvizinhos por pescadores por conta da venda das conchas e como fonte alimentar.

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“…Специализация связана, в первую очередь, со значительной модификацией ротового аппарата моллюска -радулы [14]. При атаке моллюска секрет ядовитой железы попадает в ткани жертвы, вызывая её паралич и, впоследствии, глубокое расслабление мышц, а, в некоторых случаях, смерть [7,15].…”

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Conotoxins: from the biodiversity of gastropods to new drugs

et al. 2013

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A review describes general trends in research of conotoxins that are peptide toxins isolated from sea gastropods of the Conus genus, since the toxins were discovered in 1970 . There are disclosed a conotoxin classification, their structure diversity and different ways of action to their molecular targets, mainly, ion channels. In the applied aspect of conotoxin research, drug discovery and development is discussed, the drugs being based on conotoxin structure. A first exemplary drug is a ziconotide, which is an analgesic of new generation.

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The Ecology of Conus in Hawaii

Cited by 258 publications

References 37 publications

ConusVenoms: A Rich Source of Novel Ion Channel-Targeted Peptides

ConusVenoms: A Rich Source of Novel Ion Channel-Targeted Peptides

On the oviposition and egg masses of Conus regius (Neogastropoda: Conidae) from northeastern Brazil

Conotoxins: from the biodiversity of gastropods to new drugs

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