The easy direction of magnetization in gadolinium

Corner, W D; Tanner, B. K.

doi:10.1088/0022-3719/9/4/013

Cited by 56 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Also noticeable is the approximate coincidence of T CR 2 with the temperature where the cone angle attains its maximum value. 8,9,23 Results similar to those shown in Fig. 5 were observed in frequencies up to 20 kHz.…”

Section: ͑3͒supporting

confidence: 83%

“…21,22 The magnetic domain structure of Gd crystals at low temperatures is rather complex. 23 Although Lorenz microscopy studies of nanometric foil of Gd do not reveal appreciable modifications of the domain geometry when temperature crosses T SR , 24,25 it is conceivable that the domain-wall configuration suffers a major change at this temperature in the bulk metal. We thus investigate the possibility for critical behavior in near the Hopkinson maximum.…”

Section: A Impedance and Magnetic Permeability Versus Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

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Impedance and initial magnetic permeability of gadolinium

Fraga¹,

Pureur²,

Cardoso³

2010

Journal of Applied Physics

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In the present work we report on measurements of the complex impedance and the magnetoimpedance of a textured sample of gadolinium metal. The preferential c -axis orientation of the Gd hexagonal structure is perpendicular to the long axis of the sample. From the experimental data, the complex initial magnetic permeability, = Ј+ i Љ, was obtained as a function of temperature and frequency of the ac exciting current. We have found that the results for Ј͑T͒ below the spin reorientation temperature may be described as a power law of the reduced temperature t =1−T / T SR , where T SR is the spin reorientation temperature. This behavior suggests that a genuine phase transition occurs at T SR . Although the impedance displays a weak anomaly at the Curie temperature, T C , magnetic measurements indicate that the ferromagnetic response of Gd extends up to this critical point. Thus, two different phases characterizes the cooperative magnetic state of this metal. The frequency dependent results for Ј and Љ were fitted to a modified Debye formula and the obtained parameters allow us to discriminate between the contributions from domain-wall motion and from magnetization rotation. We obtain that the dynamical properties of the domain walls in Gd are governed by a broad distribution of frequencies whose average value diverge at T SR . The isothermal magnetoimpedance measurements in temperatures smaller than T SR show an interesting plateau at low dc applied fields. This plateau is limited by a characteristic field H K whose magnitude decreases rapidly to nearly zero at T SR , giving further support for the phase transition scenario at this temperature.

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Section: ͑3͒supporting

confidence: 83%

Section: A Impedance and Magnetic Permeability Versus Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Impedance and initial magnetic permeability of gadolinium

Fraga¹,

Pureur²,

Cardoso³

2010

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…The easy axis of magnetization is not aligned to the crystallographic c-axis of its HCP structure. 10 The angle between the two axes also changes with temperature. At a certain temperature below T C , the anisotropy constants become zero, giving rise to a well established spin reorientation transition at a temperature T SR % 235 K. One of the issues that become important in nano-structured Gd is the fate of this unusual magnetocrystalline anisotropy and its manifestation in physical properties that may be related to this.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low field magnetoresistance of gadolinium nanowire

Chakravorty

Raychaudhuri

2014

Journal of Applied Physics

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Magnetization reversal and magnetoresistance behavior of perpendicularly magnetized [Co/Pd]4/Au/[Co/Pd]2 nanowiresWe report low field (l 0 H < 0.2 T) magnetoresistance (MR) studies on a single Gd nanowire patterned from a nano-structured film (average grain size $ 35 nm) by focused ion beam. For comparison, we did similar MR measurements on a polycrystalline sample with large crystallographic grains ($4 lm). It is observed that in the low field region where the MR is due to motion of magnetic domains, the MR in the large grained sample shows a close relation to the characteristic temperature dependent magnetocrystalline anisotropy including a sharp rise in MR at the spin reorientation transition at 235 K. In stark contrast, in the nanowire, the MR shows complete suppression of the above behaviours and it shows predominance of the grain boundary and spin disorder controlling the domain response. V C 2014 AIP Publishing LLC. [http://dx.

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“…1 Photoelectron spectra from 100 ML Gd (0001) films held at 500 K: (a) the Gd 5s multiplet (hv = 120 eV, normal emission) and (b) the Gd 4s multiplet (hv = 565 eV, normal emission), have shown 10 hours after deposition with a small N Is peak due to contaminatinon (I 0.03 ML N ) .…”

Section: 06mentioning

confidence: 99%

The interfacial and surface properties of thin Fe and Gd films grown on W(110) as studied by scanning tunneling microscopy, site-resolved photoelectron diffraction, and spin polarized photoelectron diffraction

Tober

1997

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The easy direction of magnetization in gadolinium

Cited by 56 publications

References 7 publications

Impedance and initial magnetic permeability of gadolinium

Impedance and initial magnetic permeability of gadolinium

Low field magnetoresistance of gadolinium nanowire

The interfacial and surface properties of thin Fe and Gd films grown on W(110) as studied by scanning tunneling microscopy, site-resolved photoelectron diffraction, and spin polarized photoelectron diffraction

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