The East Sea (Japan Sea) in Change: A Story of Dissolved Oxygen

Kim, Kyung-Ryul; Kim, Kuh; Kang, Dong‐Jin; Park, Sun Young; Park, Mi-Kyung; Kim, Young-Gyu; Min, Hong Sik; Min, Dal‐Hee

doi:10.4031/mtsj.33.1.3

Cited by 36 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…This similarity probably reflects a weakening of deep water formation in the East Sea during the 1990s. Several previous studies suggest that deep water formation in the East Sea has weakened over the past several decades, resulting in outcrop waters being fed into the intermediate layer rather than the deep layer [ Kim and Kim , 1996; Gamo et al , 2001; Kim et al , 2001, 1999, 2002; Talley et al , 2003]. This weakening, which has been attributed to global warming [ Kim and Kim , 1996; Gamo et al , 2001], could lead to reduced efficiency in the transport of anthropogenic CO 2 to the interior of the East Sea.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large accumulation of anthropogenic CO₂ in the East (Japan) Sea and its significant impact on carbonate chemistry

Park

Lee

Tishchenko

et al. 2006

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

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[1] This paper reports on a basin-wide inventory of anthropogenic CO 2 in the East (Japan) Sea determined from high-quality alkalinity, chlorofluorocarbon, and nutrient data collected during a summertime survey in 1999 and total dissolved inorganic carbon data calculated from pH and alkalinity measurements. The data set comprises measurements from 203 hydrographic stations and covers most of the East Sea with the exception of the northwestern boundary region. Anthropogenic CO 2 concentrations are estimated by separating this value from total dissolved inorganic carbon using a tracerbased (chlorofluorocarbon) separation technique. Wintertime surface CFC-12 data collected in regions of deep water formation off Vladivostok, Russia, improve the accuracy of estimates of anthropogenic CO 2 concentrations by providing improved airsea CO 2 disequilibrium values for intermediate and deep waters. Our calculation yields a total anthropogenic CO 2 inventory in the East Sea of 0.40 ± 0.06 petagrams of carbon as of 1999. Anthropogenic CO 2 has already reached the bottom of the East Sea, largely owing to the effective transport of anthropogenic CO 2 from the surface to the ocean interior via deep water formation in the waters off Vladivostok. The highest specific column inventory (vertically integrated inventory per square meter) of anthropogenic CO 2 of 80 mol C m À2 is found in the Japan Basin (40°NÀ44°N). Comparison of this inventory with those for other major basins of the same latitude band reveal that the East Sea values are much higher than the inventory for the Pacific Ocean (20À30 mol C m À2 ) and are similar to the inventory for the North Atlantic (66À72 mol C m À2 ). The substantial accumulation of anthropogenic CO 2 in the East Sea during the industrial era has caused the aragonite and calcite saturation horizons to move upward by 80À220 m and 500À700 m, respectively. These upward movements are approximately 5 times greater than those found in the North Pacific. Both the large accumulation of anthropogenic CO 2 and its significant impact on carbonate chemistry in the East Sea suggest that this sea is an important site for monitoring the future impact of the oceanic invasion of anthropogenic CO 2 .

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large accumulation of anthropogenic CO₂ in the East (Japan) Sea and its significant impact on carbonate chemistry

Park

Lee

Tishchenko

et al. 2006

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

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“…During the last several decades, dramatic changes in physical structure and vertical distribution of chemical properties were reported in the East/Japan Sea (hereafter the East Sea) [ Kim et al ., ; Kang et al ., ; Chiba et al ., ]. In detail, Kim et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Long-term annual primary production in the Ulleung Basin as a biological hot spot in the East/Japan Sea

Joo

Park

Son

et al. 2014

J. Geophys. Res. Oceans

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Although the Ulleung Basin is an important biological ''hot spot'' in East/Japan Sea (hereafter the East Sea), very limited knowledge for seasonal and annual variations in the primary productivity exists. In this study, a recent decadal trend of primary production in the Ulleung Basin was analyzed based on MODIS-derived monthly primary production for a better annual production budget. Based on the MODISderived primary production, the mean daily primary productivity was 766. the Ulleung Basin during the study period. The monthly contributions of primary production were not largely variable among different months, and a relatively small interannual production variability was also observed in the Ulleung Basin, which indicates that the Ulleung Basin is a sustaining biologically productive region called as ''hot spot'' in the East Sea. However, a significant recent decline in the annual primary production was observed in the Ulleung Basin after 2006. Although no strong possibilities were found in this study, the current warming sea surface temperature and a negative phase PDO index were suggested for the recent declining primary production. For a better understanding of subsequent effects on marine ecosystems, more intensive interdisciplinary field studies will be required in the Ulleung Basin.

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“…During the last 50-60 years, a shift in the ventilation system in the East Sea has caused a dramatic change in the vertical distribution of the chemical properties [5]. Many previous studies reported substantial changes in the physical structure and vertical distribution of chemical properties over the last several decades [5][6][7][8]. Moreover, Kang et al [8] reported that the sea surface temperature during winter and spring in the southern region of the East Sea steadily increased after the 1980s.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Pattern of Primary Productivity in the East/Japan Sea Based on Ocean Color Data Derived from MODIS-Aqua

et al. 2015

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Abstract:The East/Japan Sea (hereafter, the East Sea) is highly dynamic in its physical phenomena and biological characteristics, but it has changed substantially over the last several decades. In this study, a recent decadal trend of primary productivity in the East Sea was analyzed based on Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)-derived monthly values to detect any long-term change. The daily primary productivities averaged using monthly values from 2003 to 2012 were 719.7 mg¨C¨m´2¨d´1 (S.D.˘197.5 mg¨C¨m´2¨d´1, n = 120) and 632.3 mg¨C¨m´2¨d´1 (S.D.˘235.1 mg¨C¨m´2¨d´1, n = 120) for the southern and northern regions of the East Sea, respectively. Based on the daily productivities, the average annual primary production in the East Sea was 246.8 g¨C¨m´2¨y´1, which was substantially higher than that previously reported in deep oceans. However, a decreasing trend (13% per 10 years) in the annual primary production was observed in the East Sea within the study period from 2003 to 2012. The shallower mixed layers caused by increased temperature could be a potential cause for the decline in annual production. However, this decline could also be part of an oscillation pattern that is strongly governed by the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). A better understanding of primary productivity patterns and their subsequent effects on the marine ecosystem is required for further interdisciplinary studies in the East Sea.

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The East Sea (Japan Sea) in Change: A Story of Dissolved Oxygen

Cited by 36 publications

References 9 publications

Large accumulation of anthropogenic CO₂ in the East (Japan) Sea and its significant impact on carbonate chemistry

Large accumulation of anthropogenic CO₂ in the East (Japan) Sea and its significant impact on carbonate chemistry

Long-term annual primary production in the Ulleung Basin as a biological hot spot in the East/Japan Sea

Long-Term Pattern of Primary Productivity in the East/Japan Sea Based on Ocean Color Data Derived from MODIS-Aqua

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The East Sea (Japan Sea) in Change: A Story of Dissolved Oxygen

Cited by 36 publications

References 9 publications

Large accumulation of anthropogenic CO2 in the East (Japan) Sea and its significant impact on carbonate chemistry

Large accumulation of anthropogenic CO2 in the East (Japan) Sea and its significant impact on carbonate chemistry

Long-term annual primary production in the Ulleung Basin as a biological hot spot in the East/Japan Sea

Long-Term Pattern of Primary Productivity in the East/Japan Sea Based on Ocean Color Data Derived from MODIS-Aqua

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Large accumulation of anthropogenic CO₂ in the East (Japan) Sea and its significant impact on carbonate chemistry

Large accumulation of anthropogenic CO₂ in the East (Japan) Sea and its significant impact on carbonate chemistry