The Earthquake‐Source Inversion Validation (SIV) Project

Martin, P.; Schorlemmer, Danijel; Page, Morgan T.; Ampuero, Jean‐Paul; Asano, Kimiyuki; Causse, Mathieu; Custódio, Susana; Fan, Wenyuan; Festa, Gaetano; Gális, Martin; Gallovič, František; Imperatori, Walter; Käser, Martin; Malytskyy, D.; Okuwaki, Ryo; Pollitz, Fred F.; Passone, Luca; Razafindrakoto, Hoby N. T.; Sekiguchi, Haruko; Song, Seok Goo; Somala, S.; Thingbaijam, K. K. S.; Twardzik, Cédric; Driel, Martin van; Vyas, J.C.; Wang, Rongjiang; Yagi, Y.; Zielke, Olaf

doi:10.1785/0220150231

Cited by 108 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…The next step following our code verification exercises will be code validation. Code validation has been conducted by groups investigating other earthquake science questions, including the SCEC Geodetic Transientdetection validation group (Lohman and Murray, 2013), the Source Inversion Validation exercise (Mai et al, 2016), and the SCEC Broadband Platform validation exercise (Goulet et al, 2014). With code validation, scientists start with the knowledge that their codes are working as intended, then confidently move forward to concentrate on understanding how and why their simulations agree or disagree with the data produced by real earthquakes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Suite of Exercises for Verifying Dynamic Earthquake Rupture Codes

Harris

Barall

Aagaard

et al. 2018

Seismological Research Letters

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136

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Benchun Duan et al. "A suite of exercises for verifying dynamic earthquake rupture codes. " Seismological Research Letters 89, no. 3 (2018) We describe a set of benchmark exercises that are designed to test if computer codes that simulate dynamic earthquake rupture are working as intended. These types of computer codes are often used to understand how earthquakes operate, and they produce simulation results that include earthquake size, amounts of fault slip, and the patterns of ground shaking and crustal deformation. The benchmark exercises examine a range of features that scientists incorporate in their dynamic earthquake rupture simulations. These include implementations of simple or complex fault geometry, off-fault rock response to an earthquake, stress conditions, and a variety of formulations for fault friction. Many of the benchmarks were designed to investigate scientific problems at the forefronts of earthquake physics and strong ground motions research. The exercises are freely available on our website for use by the scientific community.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Suite of Exercises for Verifying Dynamic Earthquake Rupture Codes

Harris

Barall

Aagaard

et al. 2018

Seismological Research Letters

Self Cite

186

136

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Over the past decade, there have been considerable efforts in the seismological community to study this problem and characterize the variability of the models (e.g. Mai et al 2016). Furthermore, data and forward predictions are imperfect and the corresponding uncertainties are often difficult to account for.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting the 1992 Landers earthquake: a Bayesian exploration of co-seismic slip and off-fault damage

Gombert¹,

Duputel²,

Jolivet

et al. 2017

Geophysical Journal International

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S U M M A R YExisting models for the distribution of subsurface fault slip associated with the 1992 Landers, CA, earthquake (M w = 7.3) show significant dissimilarities. In particular, they exhibit different amounts of slip at shallow depths (<5 km). These discrepancies can be primarily attributed to the ill-posed nature of the slip inversion problem and to the use of physically unjustifiable smoothing or regularization constraints. In this study, we propose a new coseismic model obtained from the joint inversion of multiple observations in a relatively unregularized and fully Bayesian framework. We use a comprehensive data set including GPS, terrestrial geodesy, multiple SAR interferograms and co-seismic offsets from correlation of aerial images. These observations provide dense coverage of both near-and far-field deformation. To limit the impact of modelling uncertainties, we develop a 3-D fault geometry designed from field observations, co-seismic offsets and the distribution of aftershocks. In addition, we account for uncertainty in the assumed elastic structure used to compute the Green's functions. Our solution includes the ensemble of all plausible models that are consistent with our prior information and fit the available observations within data and prediction uncertainties. Using near-fault high-resolution ground deformation measurements and the density of aftershocks, we investigate the properties of the damage zone and its impact on the inferred slip at depth. We attribute a part of the inferred slip deficit at shallow depth to our models not including the impact of a damage zone associated with a reduction of shear modulus in the vicinity of the fault.

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“…All solutions fit the data very well; however, low data residuals do not ensure a correct source model, as the Earthquake‐Source Inversion Validation project has previously shown (Mai et al, ). The smoothed solutions give a less oscillatory result than the unsmoothed solutions and also the unsmoothed solutions add additional high slip at depth; no moment regularization was applied to any of the synthetic test inversions.…”

Section: Synthetic Testsmentioning

confidence: 86%

A Bayesian Method for Incorporating Self‐Similarity Into Earthquake Slip Inversions

2018

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Distributions of coseismic slip help illuminate many properties of earthquakes, including fault geometry, stress changes, frictional properties, and potential future hazard. Slip inversions take observations and calculate slip at depth, but there are a number of commonly adopted assumptions such as minimizing the second spatial derivative of slip (the Laplacian) that have little physical basis and potentially bias the result. In light of growing evidence that fault slip shows fractal properties, we suggest that this information should be incorporated into slip inversions as a form of regularization, instead of Laplacian smoothing. We have developed a Bayesian approach to efficiently solve for slip incorporating von Karman regularization. In synthetic tests, our approach retrieves fractal slip better than Laplacian regularization, as expected, but even performs comparably, or better, when the input slip is not fractal. We apply this to the 2014 Mw 6.0 Napa Valley earthquake on a two‐segment fault using Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) and Global Positioning System (GPS) data. We find the von Karman and Laplacian inversions give similar slip magnitude but in different locations, and the von Karman solution has much tighter confidence bounds on slip than the Laplacian solution. Differences in earthquake slip due to the regularization technique could have important implications for the interpretation and modeling of stress changes on the causative and neighboring faults. We therefore recommend that choice of regularization method should be routinely made explicit and justified and that von Karman regularization is a better default than Laplacian.

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The Earthquake‐Source Inversion Validation (SIV) Project

Abstract: International audienc

Cited by 108 publications

References 96 publications

A Suite of Exercises for Verifying Dynamic Earthquake Rupture Codes

A Suite of Exercises for Verifying Dynamic Earthquake Rupture Codes

Revisiting the 1992 Landers earthquake: a Bayesian exploration of co-seismic slip and off-fault damage

A Bayesian Method for Incorporating Self‐Similarity Into Earthquake Slip Inversions

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