The early but not the late neural correlate of auditory awareness reflects lateralized experiences

Conscious and unconscious contributions to auditory feedback control of speech — Neural correlates and behavioral consequences

“…The ERP observed in the conscious condiEon in the present study resembles previously reported ERPs to pitch perturbaEons (Behroozmand & Larson, 2011;Scheerer & Jones, 2018). The ERP correlates of conscious percepEon in the present study reveal a similar pa]ern of correlates as conscious percepEon of purely "external" auditory sEmuli (i.e., sEmuli not-related to the individual's own behavior), although, unlike in previous studies with "external" sEmuli, the scalp distribuEons of AAN and LP are somewhat right lateralized (Dembski et al, 2021;Eklund et al, 2021;Filimonov et al, 2022). The primary sources of AAN have been in previous studies (that use external sEmuli) localized to posterior superior temporal cortex (Dykstra et al, 2016;Gärtner & Gutschalk, 2021;Wiegand & Gutschalk, 2012), although some results also report acEvity in frontal cortex (Dykstra et al, 2016;.…”

“…For the analysis of ERPs, we also used linear mixed-effects models on single-trial data. Unlike in the vocal response analysis, in the ERPs we expected to see two previously reported (Eklund et al, , 2021Filimonov et al, 2022;Schlossmacher et al, 2021) correlates: AAN (100-200 ms a[er sEmulus onset), and LP (300-500 ms a[er sEmulus onset).…”

ERP signatures of auditory awareness in cross-modal distractor-induced deafness

“…Strikingly, other recent studies using different auditory tasks have also found a frontocentral negativity around 200 ms, which was focused on contralateral electrodes and accompanied subjective awareness of a target measured in terms of target report (Eklund et al, , 2021Schlossmacher et al, 2021). The term 'auditory awareness negativity' (AAN) has been suggested for this component, in analogy to the visual awareness negativity (VAN) for perceived visual stimuli, which typically occurs around 200 ms on posterior nodes (for a review on VAN (Förster et al, 2020;Koivisto & Revonsuo, 2010).…”

Awareness and consciousness in humans and animals – neural and behavioral correlates in an evolutionary perspective

“…A negative-going wave (waveform depending on electrode locations and stimulus modality) peaking around 200–250 ms after stimulus onset correlates with visual (V), auditory (A), or somatosensory (S) awareness of the stimuli, even if illusionary ( Faramarzi et al, 2021 ). These awareness negativities (AN; i.e., VAN, AAN, SAN; see examples in Figure 1 ) are lateralized in the brain, i.e., their amplitudes are highest contralateral to the side of the sensory input ( Koivisto and Grassini, 2016 ; Dembski et al, 2021 ; Eklund et al, 2021 ). Thus, they reflect neural processing rather closely related to the modality-specific sensory cortical representations.…”

“…Therefore, we assume that awareness and consciousness in animals also critically depend on sufficient arousal and wakefulness and on activation of neural loops in higher brain centers in order to stabilize the stimulus representation for awareness/consciousness to be generated. 10.3389/fnsys.2022.941534 NCCs in sensory processing and perception have extensively been studied using event-related potentials (ERPs) and brain wave synchrony [electroencephalographic (EEG) measurements] with adult humans who were able to report (verbally or via instrumental behavior) about their awareness of the experimental stimuli in various experimental settings (e.g., Sergent et al, 2005;Del Cul et al, 2007;Bekinschtein et al, 2009;Lamy et al, 2009;Dehaene and Changeux, 2011;Silverstein et al, 2015;Sanchez et al, 2020;Eklund et al, 2021). In such recordings, NCCs of three neural processes may be identified (Aru et al, 2012b;de Graaf et al, 2012;Li et al, 2014) -those preceding or leading to the conscious experience, those representing the conscious experience, those following the conscious experience (e.g., the report about the experience).…”