The earliest securely-dated hominin artefact in Anatolia?

Maddy, Darrel; Schreve, Danielle C.; Demi̇r, Tuncer; Veldkamp, A.; Wijbrans, J. R.; Gorp, van Wouter; Hinsbergen, Douwe J.J. van; Dekkers, Mark J.; Scaife, R.; Schoorl, J.M.; Stemerdink, C.; Schriek, Tim van der

doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.11.021

Cited by 39 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Results of sites KU1 through KU8 have been shown and discussed in Maddy et al (2015), here we provide the results of sites KU9-14. Samples were oriented with a magnetic compass and all magnetic measurements were corrected for the present-day declination of ~4°.…”

Section: Palaeomagnetic Sampling and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…This could be an isolated remnant of a lava flow largely removed by subsequent erosion or possibly it is associated with the post-Lake 1 lake lava flow which caps the Çakırca sequence dated by Westaway et al (2006) to 1264 ± 16 ka. Maddy et al (2015) reported a series of age estimates from the southern sections of the Burgaz plateau where the lavas cover the deposits of GT5-GT1. Samples from Kale Tepe at Ci and Cii yielded age estimates of 1266 ± 18 ka and 1251 ± 25 ka respectively and when Page 18 of 61 considered together these yield an estimate of 1256 ± 16 ka ( Table 2).…”

Section: Site K (Isolated Boulder)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Kale Tepe lava lies above GT1. A further sample from location D yielded an estimate of 1241 ± 9 ka, Maddy et al (2015) considered this to be from the same lava flow that caps Kale Tepe and thus combined all of these ages to derive an overall estimated mean age of 1247 ± 8 ka for the flow. Continuing eruption of the Burgaz Bağtepe volcanic neck is supported by an age estimate from lava location E, which yields an estimate of 1170 ± 9 ka.…”

Section: Site K (Isolated Boulder)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is indeed possible that further eruptions continued well beyond this time as Westaway et al (2006) report an age estimate of 1014 ± 23 ka from a lava sample taken south-east of the Burgaz Bağtepe volcanic neck. Maddy et al (2015) report samples from locations F and G, which relate to eruption from the Delihasan volcanic neck (Figure 3). These yielded age estimates of 1255 ± 17 ka and 1240 ± 60 ka respectively ( Table 2).…”

Section: Site K (Isolated Boulder)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All sampled lavas, including KU1-8 previously reported in Maddy et al (2015) are thus conveniently placed within the Matuyama chron. Only sample KU14, which was sampled from a lava flow on the eastern limit of the İbrahimağa plateau, presents potentially contradictory evidence.…”

Section: Sites L and M (İbrahimağa Plateau)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Gediz River fluvial archive: A benchmark for Quaternary research in Western Anatolia

Maddy

Veldkamp

Demi̇r

et al. 2017

Quaternary Science Reviews

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Additional information:Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-pro t purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. ABSTRACTThe Gediz River, one of the principal rivers of Western Anatolia, has an extensive Pleistocene fluvial archive that potentially offers a unique window into fluvial system behaviour on the western margins of Asia during the Quaternary. In this paper we review our work on the Quaternary Gediz River Project (2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010) and present new data which leads to a revised stratigraphical model for the Early Pleistocene development of this fluvial system.In previous work we confirmed the preservation of eleven buried Early Pleistocene fluvial terraces of the Gediz River (designated GT11, the oldest and highest, to GT1, the youngest and lowest) which lie beneath the basalt-covered plateaux of the Kula Volcanic Province. Deciphering the information locked in this fluvial archive requires the construction of a robust geochronology. Fortunately, the Gediz archive provides ample opportunity for ageconstraint based upon age estimates derived from basaltic lava flows that repeatedly entered the palaeo-Gediz valley floors. In this paper we present, for the first time, our complete dataset of 40 Ar/ 39 Ar age estimates and associated palaeomagnetic measurements. These data, which can be directly related to the underlying fluvial deposits, provide age constraints critical to our understanding of this sequence.The new chronology establishes the onset of Quaternary volcanism at ~1320ka (MIS42). This volcanism, which is associated with GT6, confirms a pre-MIS42 age for terraces GT11-GT7. Evidence from the colluvial sequences directly overlying these early terraces suggests that they formed in response to hydrological and sediment budget changes forced by climatedriven vegetation change. The cyclic formation of terraces and their timing suggests they represent the obliquity-driven climate changes of the Early Pleistocene. By way of contrast the GT5-GT1 terrace sequence, constrained by a lava flow with an age estimate of ~1247ka, span the time-interval MIS42 -MIS38 and therefore do not match the frequency of climate change as previously suggested. The onset of volcanism breaks the simple linkage of terracing to climate-driven change. These younger terraces more likely reflect a localized terracing process triggered by base level changes forced by volcanic eruption and associated reactivation of pre-existing faults, lava dam construction, landsliding and subsequent lavadammed lake drainage.Establishing a firm stratigraphy a...

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Section: Palaeomagnetic Sampling and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Site K (Isolated Boulder)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Site K (Isolated Boulder)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Site K (Isolated Boulder)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sites L and M (İbrahimağa Plateau)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Gediz River fluvial archive: A benchmark for Quaternary research in Western Anatolia

Maddy

Veldkamp

Demi̇r

et al. 2017

Quaternary Science Reviews

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Catchment response to lava damming: integrating field observation, geochronology and landscape evolution modelling

Gorp

Schoorl

Temme

et al. 2016

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Combining field reconstruction and landscape evolution modelling can be useful to investigate the relative role of different drivers on catchment response. The Geren Catchment (~45 km2) in western Turkey is suitable for such a study, as it has been influenced by uplift, climate change and lava damming. Four Middle Pleistocene lava flows (40Ar/39Ar‐ dated from 310 to 175 ka) filled and dammed the Gediz River at the Gediz–Geren confluence, resulting in base‐level fluctuations of the otherwise uplift‐driven incising river. Field reconstruction and luminescence dating suggest fluvial terraces in the Geren Catchment are capped by Middle Pleistocene aggradational fills. This showed that incision of the Geren trunk stream has been delayed until the end of MIS 5. Subsequently, the catchment has responded to base‐level lowering since MIS 4 by 30 m of stepped net incision. Field reconstruction left us with uncertainty on the main drivers of terrace formation. Therefore, we used landscape evolution modelling to investigate catchment response to three scenarios of base‐level change: (i) uplift with climate change (rainfall and vegetation based on arboreal pollen); (ii) uplift, climate change and short‐lived damming events; (iii) uplift, climate and long‐lived damming events. Outputs were evaluated for erosion–aggradation evolution in trunk streams at two different distances from the catchment outlet. Climate influences erosion–aggradation activity in the catchment, although internal feedbacks influence timing and magnitude. Furthermore, lava damming events partly control if and where these climate‐driven aggradations occur. Damming thus leaves a legacy on current landscape evolution. Catchment response to long‐duration damming events corresponds best with field reconstruction and dating. The combination of climate and base level explains a significant part of the landscape evolution history of the Geren Catchment. By combining model results with fieldwork, additional conclusions on landscape evolution could be drawn. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Palaeolithic occupation of the Anatolian High Plateau during a cold period: An MIS 6 aged artifact from the Avlamış Valley, Eskişehir, NW Turkey

et al. 2018

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In the Avlamış Valley, 10 km north of Eskişehir (NW Anatolia), an undamaged triangular Levallois flake was encountered in a paleosol, 430 cm beneath the ground surface. The artifact has a minimal dorsal retouch on the right margin, and there is a light beige partial patina on the ventral surface. Based on the technological investigations, this artifact was made using the centripetal recurrent Levallois technique. An observation of the trench walls revealed the triple nature of the stratigraphy: an upper gravelly sand (Unit‐1), an underlying reddish‐brown pebbly paleosol (Unit‐2), and a lowermost dominantly pink, finer‐grained deposit (Unit‐3) where the artifact was retrieved. Optically stimulated luminescence ages indicate a strong influence of global marine isotopic stages (MIS) on the trench stratigraphy, with the deposit hosting the artifact dating to 148 ± 20 ka (MIS 6 cold period). The available pollen data from the same stratigraphic level verified an open steppe landscape with some arboreal plant cover during deposition. This is the first stratigraphically dated Middle Palaeolithic artifact from NW Anatolia, and one of the few in the whole country, thus igniting further discussion about the ways Pleistocene hominins adapted to cold and arid environmental conditions.

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The earliest securely-dated hominin artefact in Anatolia?

Cited by 39 publications

References 38 publications

The Gediz River fluvial archive: A benchmark for Quaternary research in Western Anatolia

The Gediz River fluvial archive: A benchmark for Quaternary research in Western Anatolia

Catchment response to lava damming: integrating field observation, geochronology and landscape evolution modelling

Palaeolithic occupation of the Anatolian High Plateau during a cold period: An MIS 6 aged artifact from the Avlamış Valley, Eskişehir, NW Turkey

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