THE EARLIEST EVIDENCE OF IRON METALLURGY IN THE LOWER OB RIVER REGION  (source: Ust-Polui excavations in 2010–2012)

Vodyasov, Evgeniy V.; Гусев, А. В.

doi:10.20874/2071-0437-2016-35-4-058-068

Cited by 2 publications

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“…According to some data, the content of P 2 O 5 reaches 8%, and in the products of ancient metallurgical industries it is 10% [10,11]. For comparison, the content of P 2 O 5 in different types of soils varies from 0.01 to 0.3%, with a maximum 0.6% in peat soils.…”

Section: Natural Scientific Methods In Studying Cultural Heritage Objectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of X-ray Fluorescence Analysis for Determining the Chemical Composition of the Cultural Layer: Problems and Solutions

Kalinin

2021

Nanotechnol Russia

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The cultural layer (CL) is a layer of soil at the sites of human settlements that contains traces or remnants of human activity. From the point of view of geochemistry, the CL is a complex object of study. For a long time, impurities that are not characteristic of the natural soil come to be here, such as hair, nails, ceramics, ash, leather, fabric, wool, bones, manure, straw, coal, and food. The penetration of these objects into the soil leads to an increase in the content of biogenic elements: nitrogen, carbon, phosphorus, sulfur, calcium, iron, and a decrease in the proportion of elements, which mainly consists of the mineral matrix of the soil: silicon, aluminum, and potassium. As a result, the CL acquires properties different from those of the soil. It increases the weight loss on ignition and decreases the proportion of the solid phase, which creates significant difficulties for X-ray fluorescence analysis.

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Section: Natural Scientific Methods In Studying Cultural Heritage Objectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of X-ray Fluorescence Analysis for Determining the Chemical Composition of the Cultural Layer: Problems and Solutions

Kalinin

2021

Nanotechnol Russia

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Slags from excavations of the archaeological monument — of the settlement of Kobylikha (Nenets Autonomous District)

Murygin

Ирина²

2022

Vestnik of Geosciences

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The results of studies of slag from excavations of the archaeological monument of the settlement of Kobylikha (Nenets Autonomous District) are presented. The analytical studies were based on optical and scanning electron microscopy and spectroscopic methods. Our detailed mineralogical and geochemical studies resulted in determining siliceous-ferruginous composition of slags with impurities of aluminum, calcium, phosphorus, and potassium. Concentrations of Cu, Pb, Mg, Ni, Ti, Cr, V impurity elements are not large. According to the chemical composition, the viscosity and basicity of the melt were evaluated. The viscosity index indicates the fluidity of the melt. The basicity coefficient in the studied slags can be attributed to the group of acidic slags. Microprobe studies revealed the predominance of fayalite, wustite, iron-siliceous glass and reduced iron. The conducted studies allowed concluding on the use of a single ore from a single source. It is possible to assume the use of oxide easy-to-mine iron ores. Melting was carried out in a furnace at fairly high temperatures in the range of 1200—1400 oC and using fluxes. The slag cooled down rather slowly and directly in the furnace. Probably, the melting lasted for a long time. In the settlement of Kobylikha, metallurgical production had an average scale using simple technological schemes.

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THE EARLIEST EVIDENCE OF IRON METALLURGY IN THE LOWER OB RIVER REGION (source: Ust-Polui excavations in 2010–2012)

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Application of X-ray Fluorescence Analysis for Determining the Chemical Composition of the Cultural Layer: Problems and Solutions

Application of X-ray Fluorescence Analysis for Determining the Chemical Composition of the Cultural Layer: Problems and Solutions

Slags from excavations of the archaeological monument — of the settlement of Kobylikha (Nenets Autonomous District)

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