The E6 Negative Impedance Repeater

Bonner, A. L.; Garrison, James L.; Kopp, W. J.

doi:10.1002/j.1538-7305.1960.tb01612.x

Bell System Technical Journal

1960

DOI: 10.1002/j.1538-7305.1960.tb01612.x

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The E6 Negative Impedance Repeater

A. L. Bonner¹,

James L. Garrison²,

W. J. Kopp³

Abstract: The E6 repeater is a low-cost, transistorized, voice-frequency, two-

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1973

1978

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Cited by 3 publications

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The Use of Negative-Impedance Units Inserted Uniformly Into a Transmission Line to Reduce Attenuation

Manley¹

1974

Bell System Technical Journal

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This paper describes the general properties of a negative‐impedance‐boosted (NIB) transmission line, an otherwise uniform line to which lumps of negative impedance have been introduced periodically along its length. The purpose of these lumps is to reduce the attenuation of the line, but they also make possible self‐oscillation and cause reflections. However, these reflections are cancelled up to a cutoff frequency that has an inverse relationship to the spacing of NIB units. Summaries are included of the latest NIB project; of previous investigations into NIB lines, many of which were not published; and of the first work in the Bell System to reduce transmission‐line attenuation through the introduction of loading coils and then unilateral amplifiers. It is shown that many of the differences between properties of NIB lines and properties of a line fitted with unilateral amplifiers come from the different ways the source of energy replenishment is coupled into the line. It is shown that, under suitable conditions, the addition of small simple NIB units to a transmission line can reduce its loss to a low level in a stable manner and also equalize it. Because of some properties of NIB lines, they cannot be used successfully in all situations; in particular, an environment in which large longitudinal currents are induced in the lines is unfavorable.

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The Use of Negative-Impedance Units Inserted Uniformly Into a Transmission Line to Reduce Attenuation

Manley¹

1974

Bell System Technical Journal

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Loop Plant Electronics: Voice Frequency Electronics for Loop Applications

Hawley¹,

Stiefel²

1978

Bell System Technical Journal

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Over the past 100 years the telephone loop connecting central office switching equipment and the telephone customer's premises has evolved from aerial open wire to buried plastic‐insulated twisted pairs. In the last 20 years the use of electronic circuits for range extension has become popular. These circuits allow use of higher resistance loops (finer gauge wires) than central offices are normally designed to accept. This paper reviews some of this history, describes rural and suburban systems of voice frequency range extension, presents requirements and circuit design considerations, and compares several electronic range extender circuits currently used to implement these systems.

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The expanding role of semiconductor devices in telecommunications

Tillman

1973

Radio Electron. Eng. UK

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The E6 Negative Impedance Repeater

Abstract: The E6 repeater is a low-cost, transistorized, voice-frequency, two-

Cited by 3 publications

References 7 publications

The Use of Negative-Impedance Units Inserted Uniformly Into a Transmission Line to Reduce Attenuation

The Use of Negative-Impedance Units Inserted Uniformly Into a Transmission Line to Reduce Attenuation

Loop Plant Electronics: Voice Frequency Electronics for Loop Applications

The expanding role of semiconductor devices in telecommunications

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