The Dynamics of the Phenological Development of Four Woody Species in South-West and Central Slovakia

Babálová, Darina; Škvareninová, Jana; Fazekaš, Juraj; Vyskot, Ilja

doi:10.3390/su10051497

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The findings of Zverko et al 2014 indicates that the increase in temperature has a significant influence on triggering of spring season phenophases in some fruit-tree species, including in blackthorn. The change in the onset of phenophases in blackthorn was also observed by Babálová et al 2018 . Differences between the accumulation of cold and heat in fruit trees are the result of genetic adaptation to environmental factors Scorza and Okie, 1990 . The time of blooming phenophase depends on cultivars' demands for heat.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Influence of temperature on blackthorn (<I>Prunus spinosa</I> L.) phenophases in spring season

Cosmulescu

Calusaru

2020

J. Agric. Meteorol.

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Phenology is the study of periodic biologic changes that plants are going through, under the influence of environmental factors, especially temperature. The present paper evaluates the behaviour of Prunus spinosa L. genotypes under the fluctuations of climatic factors by calculating the average time elapsed from bud-breaking to blooming, the average time elapsed between different phenophases, the heat demand and the chilling requirement. The data obtained show that the onset of spring season phenological phases is significantly speeded-up by temperatures increase and provides useful information on temperature influence on phenologic phased triggering and better understanding of temperature influence on phenology in Prunus spinosa L. genotypes in Oltenia region of Romania.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Influence of temperature on blackthorn (<I>Prunus spinosa</I> L.) phenophases in spring season

Cosmulescu

Calusaru

2020

J. Agric. Meteorol.

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“…The main phenological phases observed in all of the study stands are presented in Table 2 and are also marked by the international BBCH codes [21]. BBCH codes are commonly used for observations in the International Phenological Gardens (IPG) [22]; in the monitoring of plant species reactions to climate changes [23] and environmental changes in urban areas [24]; and in creation of phenological calendars [25], etc. Table 2.…”

Section: Study Stands and In Situ Phenological Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation and Application of European Beech Phenological Metrics Derived from MODIS Data along an Altitudinal Gradient

Lukasová

Bucha

Škvareninová

et al. 2019

Forests

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Monitoring plant phenology is one of the means of detecting the response of vegetation to changing environmental conditions. One approach for the study of vegetation phenology from local to global scales is to apply satellite-based indices. We investigated the potential of phenological metrics from moderate resolution remotely sensed data to monitor the altitudinal variations in phenological phases of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.). Phenological metrics were derived from the NDVI annual trajectories fitted with double sigmoid logistic function. Validation of the satellite-derived phenological metrics was necessary, thus the multiple-year ground observations of phenological phases from twelve beech stands along the altitudinal gradient were employed. In five stands, the validation process was supported with annual (in 2011) phenological observations of the undergrowth and understory vegetation, measurements of the leaf area index (LAI), and with laboratory spectral analyses of forest components reflecting the red and near-infrared radiation. Non-significant differences between the satellite-derived phenological metrics and the in situ observed phenological phases of the beginning of leaf onset (LO_10); end of leaf onset (LO_100); and 80% leaf coloring (LC_80) were detected. Next, the altitude dependent variations of the phenological metrics were investigated in all beech-dominated pixels over the area between latitudes 47°44′ N and 49°37′ N, and longitudes 16°50′ E and 22°34′ E (Slovakia, Central Europe). In all cases, this large-scale regression revealed non-linear relationships. Since spring phenological metrics showed strong dependence on altitude, only a weak relationship was detected between autumn phenological metric and altitude. The effect of altitude was evaluated through differences in local climatic conditions, especially temperature and precipitation. We used normal values from the last 30 years to evaluate the altitude-conditioned differences in the growing season length in 12 study stands. The approach presented in this paper contributes to a more explicit understanding of satellite data-based beech phenology along the altitudinal gradient, and will be useful for determining the optimal distribution range of European beech under changing climate conditions.

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“…Since trees as long-lived plants adapt to the climatic seasonality through phenology, it is considered a good indicator of changing climate conditions [20][21][22][23][24][25]. Under climate actions, plants could shift the onset of phenological phases and thus extend or shorten their growing seasons as the photosynthetically active period modulates ecosystem carbon balance [26,27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autumn Phenological Response of European Beech to Summer Drought and Heat

Lukasová

Vido

Škvareninová

et al. 2020

Water

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The changes in precipitation and temperature regimes brought on by the current climate change have influenced ecosystems globally. The consequences of climate change on plant phenology have been widely investigated during the last few years. However, the underlying causes of the timing of autumn phenology have not been fully clarified yet. Here, we focused on the onset (10%) of leaf colouring—LCO—(Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt und Chemische Industrie (BBCH) 92) of European beech (Fagus sylvatica, L.) as an important native tree species growing throughout Europe. Studied beech stands are located along the natural distribution range of the European beech in Western Carpathians (Slovakia) at different altitudes from lowlands (300 m a.s.l.) to uplands (1050 m a.s.l.) and climatic regions from warm to cold. To define limiting climate conditions for LCO, we established several bioclimatic indices as indicators of meteorological drought: climatic water balance (CWB), standardized precipitation index (SPI), standardized precipitation-evapotranspiration index (SPEI), dry period index (DPI), and heat waves (HW). In addition, meteorological variables such as monthly mean temperatures and precipitation totals were taken into account. Throughout the 23-year period (1996–2018) of ground-based phenological observations of temperate beech forests, the timing of LCO was significantly delayed (p ≤ 0.05) in the middle to high altitudes, while in the lowest altitude, it remained unchanged. Over the last decade, 2009–2018, LCO in middle altitudes started at comparable to low altitudes and, at several years, even later. This resulted mainly from the significant negative effect of drought prior to this phenological phase (p ≤ 0.01) expressed through a 1-month SPI in September (SPIIX) at the stand at the low-altitude and warm-climatic region. Our results indicate that the meteorological drought conditioned by lower total precipitation and higher evapotranspirative demands in the warmer climate advance leaf senescence. However, at present time, growth in rising temperature and precipitation is acceptable for most beech stands at middle to high altitudes. Beech utilizes these conditions and postpones the LCO by 0.3–0.5 and 0.6–1.2 day per year at high and middle altitudes, respectively. Although we show the commencing negative effect of drought at mid-altitudes with lower (below 700 mm) total annual precipitation, the trend of LCO in favourable warm climates is still significantly delayed. The ongoing warming trend of summer months suggests further intensification of drought as has started to occur in middle altitudes, spreading from the continual increase of evapotranspiration over the next decades.

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The Dynamics of the Phenological Development of Four Woody Species in South-West and Central Slovakia

Cited by 13 publications

References 30 publications

Influence of temperature on blackthorn (<I>Prunus spinosa</I> L.) phenophases in spring season

Influence of temperature on blackthorn (<I>Prunus spinosa</I> L.) phenophases in spring season

Validation and Application of European Beech Phenological Metrics Derived from MODIS Data along an Altitudinal Gradient

Autumn Phenological Response of European Beech to Summer Drought and Heat

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