The dynamics of the adult population of <i>Heliothis armigera</i> (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) within the Sudan Gezira in relation to cropping pattern and pest control on cotton

Topper, C. P.

doi:10.1017/s0007485300012013

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…He also noted that moth densities in fields where adult food was plentiful were 20 times more than that in fields where adult food was scarce, suggesting that H. armigera moths are sedentary in areas where flowering plants are present. The moths were attracted to sorghum at the tassel stage mainly for feeding and egg deposition (Topper, 1987b). However, it was not known whether emigration was the causal factor behind the much smaller number of moths recorded in areas with scarce adult food.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influences of larval and adult food quality on the calling rate and pre-calling period of females of the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera Huebner(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).

Casimero

Nakasuji

Fujisaki

2001

Appl. Entomol. Zool.

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Pre-calling behavior of female adults of Helicoverpa armigera reared on artificial diet (Insecta LF) during the larval stage and fed on water and honey solutions (5, 10 and 20%) was observed. The quality of the adult diet did not influence the distribution of the pre-calling period (PCP). However, the calling rate was significantly higher in the three honey-fed groups (100%) than in the water-fed group (87.5%). In the next experiment, pre-calling behavior of female adults that were reared on Insecta LF during the larval stage and fed on 10% honey solution starting from different days after emergence was observed. The delay of adult feeding did not influence the calling rate, although the PCP was slightly prolonged in individuals which were not fed on honey solution until the onset of night 3 or night 5 (night 0ϭnight of adult eclosion). In the experiment in which larvae were fed on different qualities of food (cotton leaf, okra fruit and Insecta LF), the calling rate varied greatly depending on the adult diet. When fed on honey solution, almost all adults called irrespective of their larval diet. However, when fed on water only, the calling rate of adults fed on Insecta LF during the larval period was 60.4%, while those of adults fed on cotton leaf and okra fruit were only 16.7% and 33.3%, respectively. These results indicate that most female adults of H. armigera can attain reproductive maturity even without feeding on nutritious diets when provided with highly nutritious diets during the larval period, and most female adults can not attain reproductive maturity without feeding on nutritious diets when provided with low nutritive value diets during the larval period.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influences of larval and adult food quality on the calling rate and pre-calling period of females of the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera Huebner(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).

Casimero

Nakasuji

Fujisaki

2001

Appl. Entomol. Zool.

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“…Such conditions are likely to result in local oviposition and a relatively sedentary population. For example, Topper (1987b) has shown that large numbers of male, virgin female and inseminated female H.armigera may be found in irrigated sorghum at the flowering stage, feeding on sugary exudates and ovipositing on the tassel stage heads. Similarly Adjei-Maafo & Wilson (1983) found that peak oviposition by Helicoverpapunctigera on cotton correlated with peaks in nectar production.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of age and mated status on flight potential of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Armes

Cooter

1991

Physiological Entomology

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The effects of ageing and female mated status on the flight potential of Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner), collected as larvae from a pigeonpea crop in southern India, were investigated using a tetheredflight technique. In non-mated moths fed sugar solution, from the first night after adult eclosion, the durations of both total and longest continuous flight per night increased up to night 4 and remained at this level until at least night 6. Ovarian maturation was rapid with 77% of unmated moths having commenced oviposition by the third night. On the basis of field evidence it is likely that most females would be mated by the third or fourth night, provided plants with nectar or sugary exudates were locally available. In successfully-mated females a 15-fold decrease in total flight duration and a 28-fold decrease in longest continuous flight duration was observed in contrast to non-mated females of similar age. As host plants suitable for adult feeding and oviposition were locally available during the time of feral adult emergence, synchronous pre-reproductive migration was unlikely to occur in the population studied.

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“…At night, the procedure was similar, using a torch to locate sitting or flying moths within or above three rows on either side of the observer. The numbers caught were transformed into densities (number per hectare) Topper (1987). The light did not cause stationary moths to fly nor did it appear to cause unusual behaviour in flying moths.…”

Section: Observations In the Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Where possible, both field and cage data are used together to show patterns of behaviour. Also, further to extensive field studies of the population dynamics of adults of H. armigera (Topper, 1987), sample data are given here to demonstrate the level of inter-crop movement. A descriptive behavioural model is presented for the first half of adult life, until peak oviposition, and the possible uses of this model for improving management of this pest are discussed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nocturnal behaviour of adults of Heliothis armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in the Sudan Gezira and pest control implications

Topper

1987

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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Field and cage observations were made on Heliothis armigera (Hübner) in the Sudan Gezira to quantify nocturnal patterns of moth emergence, copulation and oviposition and the ages at which copulation and egg-laying occur. The flight activity pattern of males, virgins and inseminated females was assessed for crops with scarce or abundant sources of honeydew or nectar. A pronounced redistribution of moths between crops during the peak flight activity period (18.15-19.30 h) was demonstrated and measured, with the net exchange being approximately balanced. The direction of this movement was dependent upon the attractiveness of crops for feeding or oviposition. Male and female moths developing from larvae reared on groundnuts had significantly shorter lifespans when fed only water and less fat-body at emergence than moths developing from larvae reared on sorghum. When offered sugar solution, lifespans were significantly greater and differences in the lifespan of moths from groundnuts or sorghum were no longer evident. Adult feeding appears to compensate for any deficiencies associated with a larval diet of groundnut. Feeding was important for adult survival; there was a strong attraction of moths to crops with plentiful honeydew or nectar. A descriptive behavioural model is presented for the first half of adult life, until peak oviposition, and the uses of this model for pest management are discussed.

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The dynamics of the adult population of Heliothis armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) within the Sudan Gezira in relation to cropping pattern and pest control on cotton

Cited by 15 publications

References 12 publications

The influences of larval and adult food quality on the calling rate and pre-calling period of females of the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera Huebner(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).

The influences of larval and adult food quality on the calling rate and pre-calling period of females of the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera Huebner(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).

Effects of age and mated status on flight potential of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Nocturnal behaviour of adults of Heliothis armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in the Sudan Gezira and pest control implications

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