The Dynamics of Subcutaneous Tissue Response to Microorganisms Associated with the Extract of Araçá (Psidium cattleianum): An Edemogenic and Microscopic Analysis

Abstract

<p><strong>Objective:</strong> To evaluate <em>in vivo </em>tissue reaction to the extract of araçá (<em>Psidium cattleianum</em>) associated with inactivated microorganisms. <strong>Material and Methods:</strong> A 0.1 mL suspension was used containing Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, <em>Fusobacterium nucleatum, Enterococcus faecalis, Peptostreptococcus micros</em>, and <em>Porphyromonas endodontalis,</em> which were inactivated by heat and mixed into a 1.0 mL saline (control group), an aqueous solution, or a hydroalcoholic extract of araçá. Eighteen male rats (<em>Rattus norvegiccus</em>) under general anesthesia received 0.2 mL of 1% intravenous Evans blue. Thirty minutes later, 0.1 mL of one of the associations was injected into the animals’ dorsal region. The animals were euthanized after 3 and 6 hours, and the materials obtained were placed in formamide for 72 hours then analyzed in a spectrophotometer (λ=630 hm). For the morphological analysis, 30 rats received polyethylene tubes implants with the extracts or the saline with the associations in the dorsal region and euthanized after 7 and 30 days to be analyzed according to an inflammation cell score. <strong>Results:</strong> No significant difference (p>0.05) was observed in the edema among groups. The optical microscopy results showed a repair in the 30-day-period, which was higher when compared to the 7-day-period (p<0.0001). Nevertheless, in the 7-day-period, the hydroalcoholic extract presented a significant response compared to the aqueous extract (p=0.05) and a trend for better results than the control group. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>The aqueous and hydroalcoholic araçá extracts associated with inactivated microorganisms showed similar responses to control, indicating no interference on the toxic effects of the bacterial components in tissue repair.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong></p><p>Anaerobic bacteria; Edema; Inflammation; Plant extracts; <em>Psidium.</em></p>

Tissue reaction to Aroeira (Myracrodruon urundeuva) extracts associated with microorganisms: an in vivo study

“…The effect of natural compounds, such as plant extracts, on the oral biofilm and their impact on microbial ecolog y has been widely stud ied. 9,10,11,12,20,23,24,25,26 The null hypothesis was rejected, once the extracts induced a mild inflammatory reaction after 30 days, similar to the control group. The biocompatibility of the aroeira extracts containing inactivated microorganisms were chosen, because the previously reported antimicrobial effect.…”

“…It has been shown that associations of facultative anaerobes and anaerobes are capable of inducing inflammation. 2,27 The methodology of inflammatory tissue response assessment with plant extract containing inactivated bacteria was recently reported by Machado et al 20 Some anaerobic species lost their viability within the connective tissue of mice, even before the first trial period. 27 For this reason, we opted to use inactivated microorganisms to avoid obtaining false positive results.…”

“…After collection, the plants were washed in water, dried at room temperature and in placed in a heater at 37°C until they became dry and friable, as previous protocols. 13,17,20 Subsequently, they were pulverized.…”

“…After 3 and 6h, the animals were euthanatized by an anesthetic overdose and a tissue fragment standardized with 23mm diameter, containing a blue halo in the center, was dissected, macerated, and immersed in 4mL of formamide for 72 h at 45°C, and filtered for spectrophotometric analysis at a wave length of 630 nm. 17,20…”

“…A descriptive analysis was performed for the three experimental groups. Tissue reactions at the open end of the tubes were scored according to previous studies 13,20,21 as…”